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Sports Nutrition > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

involuntary muscle, found in things like stomach, esophagus, colon; you can’t control these muscles by thinking about it

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2
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

heart muscle; involuntary

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3
Q

Skeletal Muscle

A

voluntary muscle; you consciously choose to move your arm or flex it

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4
Q

Tendons

A

bands of tough, fibrous connective tissue that connect muscle to bone

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5
Q

Fasciculus

A

small bundles of muscle fiber

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6
Q

Muscle Fiber

A

long, multinucleate cell that generates force when stimulated

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7
Q

Myofibril

A

portion of muscle composed of thin and thick myofilaments (actin and myosin)

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8
Q

Endomysium

A

wraps each fiber

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9
Q

Perimysium

A

surrounds several fibers and forms bundles called fasciculi

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10
Q

Epimysium

A

surrounds all the bundles to form the entire muscle

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11
Q

Sarcolemma

A

muscle cell membrane

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12
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A

extensive lattice like network of tubules and vesicles

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13
Q

Isometric

A

force of muscle = force of resistance; holding a weight, but not moving it

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14
Q

Concentric

A

Force of Muscle > Force of Resistance; bicep curl

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15
Q

Eccentric

A

Force of Muscle < Force of Resistance; extending slowly down

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16
Q

Isotonic

A

muscle generates same force throughout ROM

17
Q

Dynamic Constant External Resistance

A

resistance provided by free weights or weight machine that remains constant

18
Q

Slow-Twitch Fibers: Type 1

A

aerobic, large and numerous mitochondria; slow calcium release and uptake

19
Q

Fast-Twitch Fibers: Type 2

A

anaerobic; rapid calcium release and uptake

20
Q

Endurance Training

A

increase in delivery of oxygen to muscle, enhanced ability for aerobic metabolism

21
Q

Effects of Resistance Training

A

Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia

22
Q

Hypertrophy

A

increase in size of muscle fibers; body builder

Sports Nutrition (3 decks)

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