Muscle Unit

Question 1

A point of contract between two bones, bone and cartilage, and between bone and teeth

Answer 1

Joint/Articulation

Question 2

The study of joints

Answer 2

Arthology

Question 3

Structural classification of joints is based on 2 criteria
Is there a space between the joint cavity?
Joint Cavity: synovial cavity
The type of connective tissue that binds the bones together

Answer 3

Joint Classification

Question 4

Connected with fibrous connective tissue, no synovial cavity

Answer 4

Fibrous Joints

Question 5

Joined by cartilage, no synovial cavity

Answer 5

Cartilaginous Cavity

Question 6

Has a synovial cavity, connected with strong connective tissues has tendons {muscle to bone} and ligaments {bone to bone}

Answer 6

Synovial Joint

Question 7

Typically fibrous joints, slimmoveable joints

Answer 7

Synarthrosis

Question 8

Slightly moveable joints

Answer 8

Amphiarthrosis

Question 9

Freely moving joint, can cross multiple planes

Answer 9

Diarthrosis

Question 10

Lack a synovial cavity, permit little/no tissue, there are 3 types

Answer 10

Firbrous Joints

Question 11

Joint composed of a thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissye, interlocking edges decreases chances of breaking, some sutures are present in childhood, but ossify to form a synostosis

Answer 11

Sutures

Question 12

A fibrous joint, there is greater space between the two articulating bones

Answer 12

Syndemosis

Question 13

Lacks a synovial cavity, allows little or no movement, articualting bones are joined by fibro cartliage or hyaline cartilage, there are two types

Answer 13

Cartilaginous Joints

Question 13

A fibrous joint where a cone shaped peg fits into a socket, E.g: teeth and sockets they fit into

Answer 13

Gomphosis

Question 14

A cartilaginous joint, the connecting material is hyaline cartliage, E.g: cartliage joining the first rib and the manubrium

Answer 14

Synchondrosis

Question 15

A cartliaginous joint, the ends of the articulating bones are covered with hyaline cartliage but bones are connected by a flat disc of fibrocartliage, all occur at the midline of the body, E.g: pubic symphysis and intervertebral joints

Answer 15

Symphysis

Question 16

Have space/synovial cavity between articulating bones
These bones are covered by articular cartilage
The articular capsule surrounds a synovial joint and unites the articulating bones
Allows the joints to be freely moving
Reduces friction at the articulation {joint}

Answer 16

Synovial Joints

Question 17

Is made up of two tissue layers

Answer 17

Articular Capsule

Question 18

Outer layer, ususally dense. Irregular connective tissue that attaches to the periosteum of the articulating bones

Answer 18

Fibrous Layer

Question 19

Inner layer of the articular capsule, made up of areolar connective tissue with elastic fibers

Answer 19

Synovial Membrane

Question 20

Secreted by the synovial membrane, acts as a lubricant for the joint, brings in nutrients and removes waste, and fluid becomes viscous when stagnant

Answer 20

Synovial Fluid

Question 21

Articular surfaces of these joints are flat or slightly curved, usually permit side to side and back and forth gliding movements. {carpals, tarsals}

Answer 21

Planar

Question 22

The convex surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of another bone, typically allows motion around a single axix {elbow, knee, fingers}

Answer 22

Hinge

Question 23

Rounded/Poinyed surface of one bone articulates with a ring of the other bone and a ligament {bone to bone}, allows rotation around the longitudinal axis {radius,ulna,neck}

Answer 23

Pivot

Question 24

Convex oval-shaped projection of one bone fits into a corresponding depression in another bone {metacarpals, carpals, carpal tunnel}

Answer 24

Condyloid

Question 25

The articular surface of one bone is saddle-shaped and the articular surface fits into this saddle. Are bi-axial, side to side up and down movement {tibia, fibula, and tarsals}

Answer 25

Saddle

Question 26

Ball-like surface fitting into the cuplike depression in the opposing bone. Are multi-axial {hip, shoulders}

Answer 26

Ball and Socket