muscle types + muscle actions and names

Question 1

cardiac muscle

Answer 1

muscle of the heart
controlled by ANS (autonomic nervous system)
involuntary control
striated
single nucleus

Question 2

smooth muscle

Answer 2

lines hollow organs
controlled by ANS
involuntary movement
no striations
single nucleus

Question 3

skeletal muscle

Answer 3

located in muscles that attaches to bones
voluntary control
striated
many nuclei

Question 4

prime mover (agonist)

Answer 4

primary muscle involved in movement

Question 5

antagonist

Answer 5

muscle with action opposite to prime mover

Question 6

fixators (stabilizers)

Answer 6

increase tension to stabilize joints

Question 7

synergists

Answer 7

assist agonists but are not the primary movers - guiding muscles

Question 8

reciprocal inhibition

Answer 8

muscle work in pairs, one contracts while the opposite relaxes

Question 9

how are muscles named?

Answer 9

1. Action / Function – ex. Flexor, adductor, etc.
2. Location – ex. Femoris, tibialis, medialis, lateralis.
3. Shape – ex. Trapezius
4. Number of Heads/Divisions – ex. Biceps, triceps
5. Direction of Fibres – ex. Transverses
6. Point of Attachment – ex. sternocleidomastoid

Question 10

origin

Answer 10

least movable part
- place where muscle attaches closest to midline or more proximal

Question 11

insertion

Answer 11

most moveable part
- place where muscle attaches further from midline or more distal

Question 12

function

Answer 12

resulting action or motion that occurs when the muscle is activated
- based on where muscle originates and inserts