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Anatomy and Physiology 1 > Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Muscle Tissue Flashcards

Muscle tissues

1
Q

Functions of Muscles

A
  1. Movement of body, food, air, blood
  2. Production of heat
  3. Maintenance of posture
  4. Protection of viscera (muscles in body wall)
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2
Q

Types of muscles

A

Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac

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3
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Voluntary and Striated

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4
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

Non-striated, involuntary

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5
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

Striated and Involuntary

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6
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Plasma/cell membrane

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7
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm of a muscle fiber (contains many mitochondria and myofibrils)

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8
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A

Made up of Transverse Tubules (T tubules) and Cisternae (lateral sacs, sarcoplasmic reticulum)

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9
Q

Transverse Tubules

A

Invaginations of sarcolemma into the sarcoplasm of the cell along Z-line

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10
Q

Cisternae

A

In region of actin-myosin overlap (enlarges into terminal cisternae near the T-Tubules)

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11
Q

Connective Tissues in Muscles

A

Epimysium- covers the muscle and separates it from neighboring structures

Perimysium- divides the muscle fibers into fascicles

Endomysium- surrounds each muscle fiber (cell)

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12
Q

Myofibrils

A

Numerous, tiny (1-3 um) in diameter, thread-like protein structures lying parallel to each other and extending the entire length of the fiber. Made up of actin and myosin.

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13
Q

Myosin

A

Thick filament, primarily located in Dark portions (A-Bands)

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14
Q

Actin

A

Thin filament, primarily located in light portions (I- Bands)

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15
Q

Sarcomeres

A

Functional unit of contraction, light and dark bands, made up of actin and myosin.

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16
Q

Sarcomere Anatomy

A

Actin filaments attached to Z-Disc at ends of sarcomere

When muscle stretched, ends of actin filaments in A-Bands are pulled apart leaving a lighter band in the center of A-Band (this is called H-Zone)

17
Q

Sarcomere M-Line

A

Dark band in the middle of H-zone, consists of filaments that attach to center of myosin filaments which hold myosin in place for actin filaments

Anatomy and Physiology 1 (2 decks)

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