muscle tissue Flashcards
fasicle
tubes, group of muscle cells
muscle cell (fiber)
multiple nuclei, striated
a bicep is an
organ
sarcolemma
Muscle fiber has a phospholipid bilayer, cell membrane
myofibrils (organelle)
tubes full of contractile proteins
hypertrophy
An enlargement of existing muscle
fibers
sacroplasm
muscle cell cytoplasm and contains organelles like
mitochondria and a large amount of glycogen for energy production and
myoglobin for oxygen storage.
sarcoplasmic reticulum
modified endoplasmic reticulum (stores calcium Ca++)
-neuron triggers SR to release calcium
sacromeres
basic unit of contraction in skeletal muscle
myosin
the main component of thick filaments, functions as
a motor protein. (contractile protein)
actin
the main component of thin filaments, connects to the
myosin for the sliding together of the filaments. (contractile protein)
tropomyosin
keeps us from spasms (regulatory protein)
troponin
Protein that sits on top of tropomyosin, calcium binds to (regulatory protein)
titin
elastic protein that helps a sarcomere return to its
resting length after a muscle has contracted or been
stretched. (structural protein)
dystrophin
attaches tubes of contractile proteins to cell membrane
main function of skeletal muscle
to move bone
Stabilize joints
Produce heat
epimysium
dense fibrous connective tissue
perimysium
dense irregular connective tissue
Endomysium
areolar connective tissue
Aponeurosi
holding muscle to muscle
Muscle origin
Attachment site to the bone where it is stationary
Muscle insertion
muscle attaches to bone that is going to move
Catabolize
big to small generates heat
Conductivity
The property of muscle tissue that allows an impulse to travel down the entire length of the cell membrane
Botulinum toxin (botox)
paralysis muscles, blocks the ACh synaptic vesicle
Myoglobin
supports oxygen in muscles, makes muscle fibers red
Slow twitch muscle fibers
aerobic, steady power, endurance
Fast twitch fibers
anaerobic, explosive powers, fatigues easily
Slow oxidative fibers
use the most oxygen, use ATP slowly (trunk and lower limbs)
Fast oxidative fibers
less myoglobin, use atp quickly
Fast glycolytic fibers
white fibers, not a lot of ability to use ATP- use it really fast (upper limbs)
Compartment syndrome
adductor swells, compressed nerves and blood vessels
Fascia needs to be cut to release muscle and swelling
