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S&F 1: Exam 2 > Muscle Tables of Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Muscle Tables of Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles are innervated by the femoral nerve?

A

iliopsoas, pectineus, sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius

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2
Q

What muscles originate at the pubis?

A

pectineus, gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus (adductor portion)

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3
Q

What muscle originates at the pubis AND ischium?

A

Adductor magnus (adductor portion)

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4
Q

What muscles originate at the femur?

A

Vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

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5
Q

What muscles originate at the anterior superior iliac spine of the ilium?

A

sartorius and tensor fascia lata

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6
Q

What muscle originates at the anterior inferior iliac spine of the ilium?

A

rectus femoris

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7
Q

What muscle originates at the ilium AND vertebra (T12-L5)?

A

iliopsoas

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8
Q

What muscles originate at the ischial tuberosity?

A

adductor magnus (hamstring portion), inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris (long head)

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9
Q

What muscles originate at the obturator membrane?

A

obturator externus and obturator internus

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10
Q

What muscles insert onto the femur? (no specific spot)

A

iliopsoas, pectineus, obturator externus, and quadratus femoris

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11
Q

What muscles insert onto the femur at the linea aspera?

A

adductor longus, brevis, and magnus (adductor portion)

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12
Q

What muscle inserts onto the femur at the adductor tubercle?

A

adductor magnus (hamstring portion)

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13
Q

What muscles insert onto the tibia?

A

sartorius, gracilis, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and popliteus

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14
Q

What muscles insert onto the patella?

A

rectus femoris; vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

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15
Q

What muscles insert onto the femur at the greater trochanter?

A

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, obturator internus, superior gemellus, and inferior gemellus

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16
Q

What muscle inserts onto the femur AND iliotibial tract?

A

gluteus maximus

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17
Q

What “muscle” inserts onto the iliotibial tract?

A

tensor fascia lata

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18
Q

What muscle inserts onto the fibula?

A

biceps femoris

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19
Q

What 6 muscles are part of the medial thigh?

A

gracilis; adductor longus, brevis, magnus (adductor and hamstring portions), and obturator externus

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20
Q

What 9 muscles are part of the gluteal region?

A

gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus; tensor fascia lata, piriformis, obturator internus, superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, and quadratus femoris

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21
Q

What muscle originates at the ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament?

A

gluteus maximus

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22
Q

What muscles originate at the ilium?

A

gluteus medius and minimus

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23
Q

What muscle originates at the sacrum?

A

piriformis

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24
Q

What muscle originates at the ischial spine?

A

superior gemellus

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25
Q

What muscles originate at the femur?

A

short head of biceps femoris, popliteus, gastrocnemius, and plantaris

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26
Q

What muscles flexes the hip joint?

A

iliopsoas and pectineus

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27
Q

What muscle flexes the hip joint and knee?

A

sartorius

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28
Q

What muscle flexes the hip joint and extends the knee?

A

rectus femoris

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29
Q

What muscles extend the knee?

A

vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

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30
Q

Quadriceps inserts to patella via what tendon?

Patella lined to tibia via what tendon?

A

quadriceps tendon

patellar tendon

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31
Q

What muscles are innervated by the obturator nerve?

A

gracilis; adductor longus, brevis, magnus (adductor portion); obturator externus

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32
Q

What muscle adducts the hip joint and flexes the knee?

A

gracilis

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33
Q

What muscles adduct the hip joint?

A

adductor longus, brevis, and magnus (adductor portion)

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34
Q

What muscle laterally rotates the femur at the hip joint?

A

obturator externus

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35
Q

What muscles laterally rotate the femur?

A

piriformis, obturator externus/internus, superior/inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris, popliteus, and gluteus maximus (1/2 actions)

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36
Q

What muscle extends and laterally rotates the femur?

A

gluteus maximus

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37
Q

What muscles abduct and medially rotate the femur? What other muscle abducts the femur?

A

gluteus medius/minimus; tensor fascia lata

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38
Q

What muscles flex the knee and extend the hip joint? What other muscle extends the hip joint?

A

semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris (extension by long head only); adductor magnus (hamstring part)

39
Q

What muscle is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve?

A

gluteus maximus

40
Q

What muscles are innervated by the superior gluteal nerve?

A

gluteus medius/minimus and tensor fascia lata

41
Q

What nerve innervates the piriformis?

A

nerve to piriformis

42
Q

What innervates obturator internus and superior gemellus?

A

nerve to obturator internus

43
Q

What innervates the inferior gemellus and quadratus femoris?

A

nerve to quadratus femoris

44
Q

What muscles are innervated by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve?

A

semimembranosus, semitendinosus, long head of biceps femoris, and adductor magnus (hamstring part)

45
Q

What muscle is innervated by the common peroneal part of the sciatic nerve?

A

short head of the biceps femoris

46
Q

What muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve?

A

popliteus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, and tibialis posterior

47
Q

What muscles are in the superficial group of the posterior leg?
Deep group?

A

SF: gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris
D: flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, and tibialis posterior

48
Q

What muscles originate ONLY at the fibula? What muscles in part originate at the fibula?

A
  1. flexor hallucis longus, peroneus longus and brevis

2. soleus, tibialis posterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius

49
Q

What muscles originate ONLY at the tibia? What muscles originate in part at the tibia?

A
  1. flexor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior

2. tibialis posterior, extensor digitorum longus, soleus

50
Q

What muscles originate at the tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane?

A

tibialis posterior and extensor digitorum longus

51
Q

What muscle originates at the fibula AND the tibia at the soleal line?

52
Q

What muscles originate at the fibula AND interosseus membrane?

A

extensor hallucis longus and peroneus tertius

53
Q

What muscles are part of the posterior thigh and popliteal fossa?

A

semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, adductor magnus (hamstring part), and popliteus

54
Q

What muscles originate at the calcaneus?

A

extensor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digitorum brevis, and quadratus plantae

55
Q

What muscles are part of the anterior leg and dorsum of foot?

A

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius, and extensor digitorum brevis

56
Q

What muscles are part of the lateral leg?

A

peroneus longus and brevis

57
Q

What muscles insert onto the calcaneus?

A

gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris

58
Q

What muscles insert onto the distal phalanx of the big toe?

A

flexor hallucis longus and extensor hallucis longus

59
Q

What muscle inserts onto the distal phalanges of the lateral four toes?

A

flexor digitorum longus

60
Q

What muscle inserts onto the navicular bone, cuneiform, cuboid, and metatarsals 2-4?

A

tibialis posterior

61
Q

What muscles insert onto the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal?

A

tibialis anterior and peroneus longus

62
Q

What muscle inserts onto extensor expansions of lateral four toes? Of toes 2-4?

A

extensor digitorum longus; extensor digitorum brevis

63
Q

What muscles insert onto the fifth metatarsal?

A

peroneus tertius and brevis

64
Q

What muscles ONLY plantar flex the foot? In part of their actions?

A
  1. soleus, plantaris

2. gastrocnemius, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior

65
Q

What muscle plantar flexes the foot and weakly flexes the knee?

A

gastrocnemius

66
Q

What muscles plantar flex the foot and plantar flexes the toes they insert onto?

A

flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus

67
Q

What muscle plantar flexes and inverts the foot?

A

tibialis posterior

68
Q

What muscles dorsiflex the foot as part of their actions?

A

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus tertius

69
Q

What muscles evert the foot?

A

peroneus longus, brevis, and tertius (partly)

70
Q

What muscle everts AND dorsiflexes the foot?

A

peroneus tertius

71
Q

What muscles dorsiflex the foot and extend the toes they insert onto?

A

extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus

72
Q

What muscle’s only action is to extend the toes?

A

extensor digitorum brevis

73
Q

What muscle dorsiflexes and inverts the foot?

A

tibialis anterior

74
Q

What muscles are innervated by the deep peroneal nerve?

A

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius, extensor digitorum brevis

75
Q

What muscles are innervated by the superficial peroneal nerve?

A

peroneus longus and brevis

76
Q

What muscles are in each layer of the foot?

A
  1. abductor hallucis and digiti minimi, flexor digitorum brevis
  2. quadratus plantae and lumbricals
  3. flexor hallucis/digiti minimi brevis and adductor hallucis
  4. plantar and dorsal interossi
77
Q

What muscles originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

lumbricals

78
Q

What muscles originate from the cuboid and lateral cuneiform bones?

A

flexor hallucis brevis

79
Q

What muscle originates at the fifth metatarsal?

A

flexor digiti minimi brevis

80
Q

What muscle originates at the metatarsal bones?

What muscle originates at the plantar ligaments of metatarsophalangeal joints?

A

oblique head of the adductor hallucis

transverse head of the adductor hallucis

81
Q

What muscles originate at metatarsals 3-5? 1-5?

A

plantar interossi

dorsal interossi

82
Q

What muscles insert onto the proximal phalanx of the big toe? little toe?

A

Big toe: AB- and AD-ductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis

Little toe: abductor digiti minimi and flexor digiti minimi brevis

83
Q

What muscles insert onto the middle phalanges of the lateral four toes?

A

flexor digitorum brevis

84
Q

What muscle inserts onto the common tendon of flexor digitorum longus?

A

quadratus plantae

85
Q

What muscles insert onto the proximal phalanges of the lateral four toes and extensor expansions?

A

lumbricals

86
Q

What muscles insert onto the proximal phalanges 3-5? 2-4?

A

3-5: plantar interossi

2-4: dorsal interossi

87
Q

What muscles abduct and flex the toes onto which they insert?

A

abductor hallucis and abductor digiti minimi

88
Q

What muscles flex the toes onto which they insert? What muscle assists in flexing the lateral four toes?

A

flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, and flexor digiti minimi brevis; quadratus plantae

89
Q

Which muscles flex the toes at the MTP joint and extend the toes at the IP joints?

A

lumbricals

90
Q

Which muscles adduct the toes and flex MTP joints? Which muscles abduct the toes and flex MTP joints?

A

plantar interossi

dorsal interossi

91
Q

Which muscle adduct and flexes the big toe?

A

adductor hallucis

92
Q

What muscles are innervated by the medial plantar nerve?

A

abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, lumbrical 1, and flexor hallucis brevis

93
Q

What muscles are innervated by the lateral plantar nerve?

A

abductor digiti minimi, quadratus plantae, lumbricals 2-4, flexor digiti minimi brevis, adductor hallucis, plantar interossi, and dorsal interossi

94
Q

What are the 7 muscles of the anterior thigh?

A

iliopsoas, pectineus, sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius

S&F 1: Exam 2 (12 decks)

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