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Medical Anatomy > Muscle System > Flashcards

Muscle System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Characteristics of muscle tissue

A

Contractibility, extensibility, elasticity, excitability

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1
Q

Functions of the muscular system

A

Movement, thermogenesis, posture support, organ volume, protects organs

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2
Q

Types of muscle tissue

A

Smooth, cardiac, skeletal

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3
Q

Connective tissue covering that seperate a muscles, and becomes the tendon

A

Fascia

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4
Q

Connective tissue under the fascia, goad all around a skeletal muscle

A

Epimysium

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5
Q

Connective tissue that extends inward from epimysium and surrounds fasciculi

A

Perimysium

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6
Q

Connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber

A

Endomysium

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7
Q

Compartments of bundles of muscle fibers

A

Fasciculi

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8
Q

Muscle cell

A

Muscle fiber

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9
Q

Contractile fibers within the muscle fiber

A

Myofibrils

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10
Q

Thick myofilaments, overlaps free ends of actin, shaped like a golf club

A

Myosin

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11
Q

Thin myofilaments, anchored to Z lines, two stranded protein intertwined

A

Actin

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12
Q

Unit containing myosin and actin within a myofibril

A

Sarcomere

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13
Q

Nerve that carries message from the brain- stimulates muscles

A

Motor neuron

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14
Q

End of axon terminal where it attaches to muscle fiber

A

Neuromuscular junction

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15
Q

Location on the muscle fiber at end of axon terminal

A

Motor end plate

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16
Q

Released from nerve, activates muscle to move

A

Acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)

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17
Q

Has most mass, more proximal, no movement

A

Origin

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18
Q

More distal, movable

A

Insertion

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19
Q

Muscle responsible for majority of force

A

Agonists

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20
Q

Performs opposite movement

A

Antagonist

21
Q

Muscle that assists the agonists

A

Synergist

22
Q

Stabilizes a body segment

A

Fixators

23
Q

Muscle that closes and protrudes lips

A

Oribularis oris

24
Q

Muscle that closes eye

A

Orbicularis oculi

25
Q

Muscle that raises corner of mouth (smiling muscle)

A

Zygomaticus

26
Q

Muscle that closes jaw

A

Masseter

27
Q

Second muscle that closes jaw

A

Temporalis

28
Q

Muscle used for head rotation and neck flexion

A

Sternocleidomastoid

29
Q

Muscle that rotates, elevates, and retracts scapula

A

Trapezius

30
Q

Muscle that moves scapula forward and downward, or raises ribs

A

Pectoralis minor

31
Q

Muscle that Adducts & medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly

A

Pectoralis major

32
Q

Muscle that Extends, adducts, & medially rotates humerus, raises body towards arms during climbing

A

Latissimus Dorsi

33
Q

Muscle that Abducts arm, extends or flexes humerus

A

Deltoid

34
Q

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, subscapularis

A

Rotators

35
Q

Muscle that flexes & rotates hand laterally (supinates forearm)

A

Biceps brachii

36
Q

Muscle that flexes forearm

A

Bachioradialis

37
Q

Muscle for the extension of forearm

A

Triceps brachii

38
Q

Flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, and palmaris longus are all…

A

Flexors of the wrist

39
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris are all..

A

Extensors of wrist

40
Q

Muscle that flexes, rotates, and is for lateral flexion of torso

A

External oblique

41
Q

Muscle for flexion of abdominal wall

A

Transverses abdominis

42
Q

Muscle for torso flexion

A

Rectus abdominus

43
Q

Muscle that extends hip and laterally rotates thigh

A

Gluteus Maximus

44
Q

Muscle that flexes knee & rotates tibia laterally

A

Biceps femoris

45
Q

Muscle that extends thigh, flexes knee, and rotates tibia medially

A

Semitendinosus and semimembranosus

46
Q

Muscle that flexes and laterally rotates hip, and flexes knee

A

Sartorius

47
Q

Extensor of quadricep that is in the middle of leg

A

Rectus femoris

48
Q

Extensor of quadricep that’s on the lateral side of leg

A

Vastus lateralis

49
Q

Extensor of quadricep that’s on the medial side of leg

A

Vastus medialis

50
Q

Muscle that dorsiflexes foot and inverts ankle

A

Tibialis anterior

51
Q

Muscle for plantarflexion of the ankle

A

Gasteocnemius

Medical Anatomy (4 decks)

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