Muscle system Flashcards
Muscle cells are surrounded by a connective tissue called the endomysium.
true
T/F: The terms mys and sarco refer to muscle.
True
T/F: A fascicle is surrounded by connective tissue called perimysium.
true
T/F: Groups of fascicles are bundled and surrounded by connective tissue called epimysium.
true
T/F: An aponeurosis is a sheet of epithelial tissue.
false
T/F: Tendons connect muscle to bone.
true
T/F: Organs are made of skeletal muscle.
false
T/F: The heart is made of cardiac muscle.
True
T/F: A prime mover muscle does the same job as a synergist during a movement.
False
T/F: As muscles contract and shorten, they pull on bones and thereby move them.
true
T/F: Skeletal muscles need nerve stimulation in order to contract.
true
T/F: Skeletal muscle is called involuntary because it is the only type of muscle usually subject to conscious control.
false
T/F: Muscles do not produce heat as a by-product of its work.
false
T/F: Some muscles are named for their insertions and/or origins.
true
T/F: Hinge joints allow for the most movement of any type of joint.
false
If an extension is greater than 180 degrees, it is called:
hyperextension
Moving a body part away from the midline is:
abduction
Moving a part toward the midline is:
adduction
A movement that makes the angle between two bones smaller is:
flexation
A movement in which your forearm rotates laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly, and the radius and ulna are parallel:
Supination
A movement in which your foot lifts so that the superior surface approaches the tibia:
dorsiflexion
Generally, all skeletal muscles:
cross at least one joint
Muscles have at least ______ attachment sites
2
The attachment site of a skeletal muscle which is attached to the less moveable or immovable bone is called:
orgin
The attachment site of a skeletal muscle which is attached to the more moveable bone is called:
insertion
Skeletal muscle acts by ______, not _________.
Pulling/ Pushing
Macroscopically during contraction of skeletal muscle, the _______ moves toward the ____________.
insertion/origin
Actin definition
protein that forms thin myofilaments
Muscle fiber definition
muscle cell
Myosin
protein that forms thick myofilaments
Sarcomere
tiny contractile units lined end-to-end in a myofibril
Myofibrils
these units fill the sarcoplasm & are made of myofilaments
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
organelle that stores calcium
Sarcoplasm
Muscle cell’s cytoplasm
Sarcolemma
a muscle cell membrane
Crossbridges
small “extensions” located on myosin
Neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction by the motor neuron.
Acetylcholine
Binds to the regulatory proteins on actin, exposing myosin binding sites
Ca++
Provides the energy needed to “re-cock” the myosin crossbridge so it can attach to another actin binding site.
ATP
Theory in which actin is said to slide past myosin to shorten a muscle.
Sliding Filament Theory
