Muscle Strength/Length Flashcards
Hip Flexor Strength
Bring knee to chest
G3: No resistance until hip at 90 and then need to apply a small pressure (to equivalent of gravity) beyond this point.;
Hip Extensor Strength (Gluteals)
Patient prone
Knee to 90, pushing the foot up to the sky.
May be easier as isometric
Need to stabilise the lumbar spine
Hip Extensor Strength (Hamstrings)
Patient in prone, knee extended.
Apply force above the knee.
Hip Abductors Strength
Patient in supine for G2 and use slider board
G3 and above:
Patient side-lying, bottom leg bent and top leg straight.
Towel underneath the waist.
Stabilise the pelvis and apply force just above the knee.
Hip Adductors Strength
Isometrically.
Supine Crook lying, fist in between knees for short adductors, fists in between the ankles for long adductors.
Hip Internal and External Adductors Strength
Isometrically.
Done in either sitting or via a clam.
Gluteal Muscle Group LENGTH
Bring the hip into extension and then if no stretch is acquired can move the patient into more adduction and internal rotation by bringing the knee across the chest.
Hamstrings LENGTH
Supine. Bring the leg straight up.
Psoas Major & Rec Fem LENGTH
Thomas Test
- Patient at end of bed and rise bed to gluteal fold
- Help patient roll back onto the bed with where the pillow is located already.
- Towel between foot and chest
Push leg down with hand for Psoas Major & Rec Fem with the leg.
Hip Adductors LENGTH
Hook other leg over the other side of the bed and take the bed into abduction.
ITB LENGTH
Patient in side lying
- Bottom leg tucked forward and held by the patient at the chest
- Top leg handing off the bed behind the bed
- Push the leg down to achieve more of a stretch
Quadriceps Strength
Seated at the edge of the bed with knee going into extension
G3 no assistance required
G4 & G5 - Apply pressure as normal.
Stabilise above the knee.
Hamstrings Strength
Prone, bringing the ankle up towards the bum
Need to apply pressure at 90 for G3 as the muscle is no longer working against gravity.
Calf Strength
Knee Extended for Gastroc
Towel under knee (Knee flexed) for soleus
Could be a functional test
- Single leg calf raise (1-2 reps G3, 3-5 reps G4, 6 or more reps G5)
Quadriceps LENGTH
Side Lying
Do full flexion first and lock it with hand/forearm
Then start to bring the leg into more hip extension
Gastroc Length
Knee extended, bring the foot into dorsi flexion
Soleus Length
Knee to wall sit
Inversion (Tib Ant/Post)
Isometric, resisting eversion
Eversion (Peroneals)
Isometric, resisting inversion
Flexor Hallicus Longus
Dorsi flex the big toe
Transverses Abdominus Activation Strength
Supine, crook lying. Feel the tendon insertion medial to the ASIS.
Stop Peeing whilst still breathing
Multifidus
4 Point kneel
Palpated around the lower segments of the lumbar spine.
Think about arching your back without actually doing it.
QL Length
Patient side Lying, towel underneath the waist, bottom leg flexed and top leg straight, arms crossed
Therapist applies force to lateral iliac crest and the insertion away from the origin of the ribs.
L. Dorsi Length
Patient Supine
Take the patients arm into shoulder flexion, abduction and external rotation. Also knee to get the patient into a posterior pelvic tilt by placing pillows underneath the hips and knees.
Shoulder Flexion Strength
Standing or sitting, isometric contraction. Therapist resists from in front of the patient.
Shoulder Extension Strength
Standing or sitting, isometric contraction. Therapist resists from in Behind of the patient.
Shoulder Abduction Strength
Patient standing, elbows bent. isometric contraction
Shoulder Adduction Strength
Patient standing elbows bent. Therapists arms crossed to resist isometric adduction.
External/Internal Rotation
isometric resistance through the hands. Prone for G2
P.Major Strength
Patient in supine
Clavicular Head: Arm abducted to 90, resisting lateral flexion
Sternal Head: arm abducted to 110, resisting lateral flexion.
P.Major Length
Patient Supine
Clavicular Head: Shoulder abducted, externally rotated and external rotation
Sternal Head: Shoulder abducted to 130 degrees, external rotation, horizontal extension
Elbow Flexion Strength
Patient Supine
Apply force to wrist elbow flexion through the forearm at 90.
G3 - Will need to apply force once the elbow gets to 90.
Elbow Extension Strength
Patient in prone
Arm slightly abducted so humerus rests on the bed.
Patient can do the G3 without resistance and therapist can apply force for G4-5.
Elbow Supination & Pronation
Patient sitting, elbow at 90 degrees resting on a towel.
Isometric resistance at different angles trying to supinate and pronate.
Biceps Brachii Length
Patient Supine.
Elbow bent initially. Take the patient into shoulder extension first and then elbow extension, making sure to look after the humeral head. (Therapists uses their legs as they have to get lower to do the movement)
Triceps Brachii Length
Patient supine
Elbow begins in extension. Take the shoulder in flexion first and then bring the elbow into flexion.
Wrist Extensor Length
Patient Supine, towel underneath upper arm.
Patient taken into wrist flexion with fingers relaxed and elbow extension.
Wrist Flexors Length
Need to get the elbow into extension and then wrist extension with fingers relaxed
Long Finger Flexor Stretch
Wrist & Finger Extension
Therapist to place fingers across the distal MCs to keep fingers in flexion
Long Finger Extensor Stretch
Wrist and finger flexion.
Therapist curls patients fingers tightly before taking them into wrist flexion (Elbow must be extended).
Cervical Flexion, Extension, Rotation
Isometric Testing
Place the hand where you want to the patient to match your resistance.
Flexion - Hand on forehead
Extension - Hand on the back of the head
Rotation - Hand on the side of the head
Upper Trapezius Length
Achieved by taking the patient into contralateral flexion whilst then are in supine. Put a towel underneath the patients head
Upper Cervical Extensors length
Patient in supine, Take the patient into cervical flexion with hands supporting the occiput.
Levator Scapulae Length
To stretch we need to take the patient into contralateral cervical lateral flexion, cervical flexion and cervical rotation. Therapist to also use one hand to stabilise the scapula
