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lower limb viva > Muscle station > Flashcards

Muscle station Flashcards

1
Q

Introduce Gluteus maximus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A

(blank view) Glute max is one of the superficial gluteal muscles
Origin
- posterior to the posterior gluteal line of ilium
- posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx
Insertion
- most fibers insert into the iliotibial tract
- remaining fibers insert into the gluteal tuberosity
Action
-extends thigh
-lateral rotation of the thigh
-assists the body in rising from a sitting position
Nerve supply
-inferior gluteal nerve

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2
Q

Introduce gluteus medius

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A

(blank view) Glute medius is one of the superficial gluteal muscles
Origin
- external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
Insertion
-lateral surface of greater trochanter
Action
-abducts thigh
-medially rotates thigh
-keeps pelvis level while walking during its swing phase
Nerve supply
-superior gluteal nerve

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3
Q

Introduce gluteus minimus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A

(blank view) Glute minimus is one of the superficial gluteal muscles
Origin
-external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Insertion
-anterior surface of greater trochanter
Action
-abducts thigh
-medially rotates thigh
-keeps pelvis level while walking during its swing phase
Nerve supply
-superior gluteal nerve

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4
Q

Introduce the piriformis

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Piriformis is one of the deep gluteal muscles
Origin
-anterior surface of sacrum
-sacrotuberous ligament 
Insertion
-superior border of greater trochanter 
Action 
-laterally rotates extended thigh
-abducts flexed thigh 
-steadies femoral head in acetabulum 
Nerve supply 
Branches of anterior rami S1 and S2
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5
Q

Introduce the obturator internus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Obturator internus is one of the deep gluteal muscles
Origin 
- obturator foramen 
insertion
- trochanteric fossa 
Action
-laterally rotates extended thigh 
-abducts flexed thigh
-steadies femoral head in acetabulum 
Nerve supply 
Nerve to obturator internus
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6
Q

Introduce the quadratus femoris

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Quadratus Femoris is one of the deep gluteal muscles
Origin
-lateral border of ischial tuberosity 
Insertion
-Quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of femur
Action
-laterally rotates extended thigh 
-abducts flexed thigh
-steadies femoral head in acetabulum 
Nerve supply 
Nerve to quadratus femoris
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7
Q

Introduce Coccygeus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) coccygeus is a muscle of the pelvic floor
Origin 
-Ischial spine 
Insertion
-inferior sacrum and coccyx 
Action
-supports pelvic viscera 
-flexes coccyx
Nerve supply 
- S4 and S5 spinal nerves
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8
Q

Introduce iliopsoas

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A

(blank view) Iliopsoas is a muscle of the anterior compartment of the thigh
Origin
-Iliacus: iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacro-iliac ligament
-psoas major: sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae
Insertion
-Iliacus: tendon of psoas major and lesser trochanter
-Psoas major: lesser trochanter of femur
Action
-Flexes thigh at hip joint
-Stabilises hip joint
Nerve supply
-Iliacus: femoral nerve
-Psoas major: ventral rami of lumbar nerves L1-L3

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9
Q

Introduce Rectus Femoris

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Rectus Femoris is a muscle of the anterior compartment of the thigh specifically belonging to the quadriceps group 
Origin 
-Anterior inferior iliac spine 
Insertion
-tibial tuberosity via the quadriceps tendon 
-base of patella 
Action 
-Extends leg at knee joint 
-hip flexion (only rectus femoris)
Nerve supply 
-femoral nerve
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10
Q

Introduce Vastus lasteralis

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Vastus Lateralis is a muscle of the anterior compartment of the thigh specifically belonging to the quadriceps group
Origin
-greater trochanter of femur 
-lateral lip of linea aspera of femur 
Insertion
-tibial tuberosity via the quadriceps tendon
-base of patella 
Action 
-Extends leg at the knee joint 
Nerve supply 
-femoral nerve
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11
Q

Introduce Vastus medialis

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A

(blank view) Vastus medialis is a muscle of the anterior compartment of the thigh specifically belonging to the quadriceps group
Origin
-intertrochanteric line (anterior) of femur
-medial lip of linea aspera of femur
Insertion
-tibial tuberosity via the quadriceps tendon
-base of patella
Action
-extends leg at the knee joint
Nerve supply
-femoral nerve

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12
Q

Introduce Sartorius

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Sartorius is a muscle of the anterior compartment of the thigh
Origin
-Anterior superior iliac spine 
Insertion
-Pes anserinus 
Action 
-Flexion of hip
-Abduction of hip
-External rotation of hip
-slight flexion of knee 
Nerve supply 
-femoral nerve
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13
Q

Introduce Biceps femoris

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A

(blank view) Biceps Femoris is a muscle of the posterior compartment of the thigh specifically belonging to the hamstring classification
Origin
-Long head: ischial tuberosity
-Short head: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion
-Head of the fibula
Action
-Extends thigh
-flexes leg
-laterally rotates leg when knee is flexed
Nerve supply
Long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve
Short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve

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14
Q

Introduce Semitendinosus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Semitendinosus is a muscle of the posterior compartment of the thigh specifically belonging to the hamstring classification
Origin
-ischial tuberosity
Insertion  
- pes anserinus 
Action
-extends thigh
-flexes leg 
-medially rotates leg when knee is flexed 
Nerve supply 
-Tibial division of sciatic nerve
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15
Q

Introduce Adductor magnus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A

(blank view) Adductor magnus is a muscle of the medial compartment of the thigh
Origin
Adductor part: inferior pubic and ischial ramus
Hamstring part: ischial tuberosity
Insertion
Adductor part: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera and medial supracondylar line
Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur
Action
Adductor part: adducts thigh, some flexion
Hamstring part: extends thigh
Nerve supply
Adductor part: Obturator nerve
Hamstring part: tibial division of sciatic nerve

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16
Q

Introduce Adductor Longus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Adductor longus is a muscle of the medial compartment of the thigh
Origin
-body of pubis, inferior to pubic crest 
Insertion
-Middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur 
Action
-adducts thigh 
Nerve supply 
-Obturator nerve
17
Q

Introduce Gracilis

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Gracilis is a muscle of the medial compartment of the thigh
Origin
-body and inferior ramus of pubis 
Insertion
-pes anserinus 
Action
-adducts thigh
-flexes leg 
-weak medial rotation of leg 
Nerve supply 
-Obturator nerve
18
Q

Introduce Tibialis Anterior

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Tibialis anterior is a muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg
Origin
-lateral condyle of tibia
-proximal 1/2 of shaft of tibia 
-interosseus membrane 
Insertion 
-middle cuneiform
-base of 1st metatarsal 
Action
-Dorsi flexion of ankle 
-inversion of foot 
Nerve supply
-deep fibular nerve
19
Q

Introduce extensor digitorum longus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Extensor digitorum longus is a muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg
Origin
-lateral condyle of tibia
-proximal 3/4 of fibula 
-interosseus membrane 
Insertion
-middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5
Action 
-extends toes 2-5
-dorsi flexion of ankle 
Nerve supply 
Deep fibular nerve
20
Q

Introduce extensor hallucis longus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Extensor hallucis longus is a muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg
Origin
-middle part of anterior surface of fibula 
-interosseus membrane
Insertion
-base of distal phalanx of 1st toe 
Action 
-extends 1st toe 
-dorsi flexion of ankle 
Nerve supply 
-deep fibular nerve
21
Q

Introduce fibularis longus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Fibularis longus is a muscle of the lateral compartment of the leg
Origin
-head of fibula
-proximal 2/3 of fibula 
Insertion
-medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal 
Action
-eversion of foot
-weak plantar flexion of ankle 
Nerve supply 
-superficial fibular nerve
22
Q

Introduce fibularis brevis

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Fibularis brevis is a muscle of the lateral compartment of the leg
Origin
-distal 2/3 of fibula 
Insertion
-tuberosity of 5th metatarsal 
Action
-Eversion of foot
-weak plantar flexion of ankle 
Nerve supply
-superficial fibular nerve
23
Q

Introduce Soleus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Soleus is a superficial muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg
Origin
-head of fibula
-soleal line
-middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia 
Insertion 
-posterior surface of calcaneus via achilles tendon 
Action
-plantar flexion of ankle 
Nerve supply 
-tibial nerve
24
Q

Introduce Gastrocnemius

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Gastrocnemius is a superficial muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg
Origin
Lateral head: lateral condyle of femur 
Medial head: popliteal surface of femur superior to medial condyle 
Insertion
-posterior surface of calcaneus via achilles tendon
Action
-plantar flexion of ankle 
-knee flexion 
-raises heel in walking 
Nerve supply 
-tibial nerve
25
Q

Introduce Tibialis posterior

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Tibialis posterior is a deep muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg
Origin
-posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line
-posterior surface of fibula 
-interosseus membrane 
Insertion
-Navicular tuberosity, all cuneiforms, cuboid, sutentaculum tali of calcaneus, base of metatarsal of digits 2-4
Action
-plantar flexion of ankle 
-inversion of foot 
-supports the arch of foot 
Nerve supply 
-Tibial nerve
26
Q

Introduce Flexor hallucis longus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Flexor hallucis longus is a deep muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg
Origin
-Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula 
-interosseus membrane
Insertion
-base of distal phalanx of 1st toe 
Action
-flexes 1st toe
-weak plantar flexion
-supports arch of foot 
Nerve supply 
-tibial nerve
27
Q

Introduce Flexor digitorum longus

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Flexor digitorum longus is a deep muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg
Origin
-posterior shaft of tibia inferior to soleal line 
Insertion 
-base of distal phalanges toes 2-5
Action 
-Flexes toes 2-5
-plantar flexion of ankle 
-supposrt arches of foot
Nerve supply
-tibial nerve
28
Q

Introduce Extensor digitorum brevis

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Extensor digitorum brevis is an intrinsic muscle of the foot specifically on the dorsal aspect of the foot 
Origin
-Calcaneus
-Talocalcaneal ligament
Insertion
-tendons of toes 2-4
Action
-helps the extensor digitorum longus in extending the toes at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
Nerve supply
-deep fibular nerve
29
Q

Introduce Abductor hallucis

origin/insertion/action/innervation

A 
(blank view) Abductor hallucis is an intrinsic muscle of the foot specifically lies in layer 1 in the plantar aspect of the foot 
Origin
-Calcaneus tuberosity
-plantar aponeurosis 
Insertion
-medial side of the base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit 
Action
-Abduction of the 1st toe
-some flexion of 1st toe 
Nerve supply 
-medial plantar nerve

lower limb viva (2 decks)

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