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MSCT > Muscle Histology > Flashcards

Muscle Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the epimysium?

A

Dense connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle; synonymous with the deep fascia

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2
Q

What is the perimysium?

A

Connective tissue that surrounds a group of fibers to form a fascicle; conveys the large blood vessels and nerves into the muscle

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3
Q

What is the endomysium?

A

Delicate connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers

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4
Q

How do you differentiate between type I and type II skeletal muscle fibers in a histological section?

A

Stain for ATPase; type II will stain brown, type I will remain mostly white

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5
Q

Cards about organization of skeletal muscle

A

Cool

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6
Q

Histological slide of type I/II

A

Will do

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7
Q

What are the properties of type I skeletal muscle fibers?

A

Efficiency over long periods of time; used for postural maintenance or endurance exercise; high levels of myoglobin

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8
Q

How do type I skeletal muscle fibers generate ATP?

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

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9
Q

What is the difference in contraction speed between type I and type II skeletal muscle fibers?

A

Type I fibers have a low contraction speed, type II fibers have a high contraction speed

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10
Q

What is the difference in innervation between type I and type II skeletal muscle fibers?

A

Type I fibers have large motor units (large numbers of fibers innervated by a single neuron), type II fibers have small motor units (small number of fibers innervated by a single neuron)

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11
Q

What is the sarcolemma?

A

Plasma membrane of muscle cells

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12
Q

What are the properties of the sarcolemma?

A

Numerous ion transport proteins and receptors; surrounded by a basal lamina

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13
Q

What is the transverse tubule system (T-tubules)?

A

A network formed by finger-like projections from the sarcolemma that make contact with the sarcoplasmic reticulum and transmit the depolarization signal deep into the muscle cell

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14
Q

What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)?

A

Internal membrane network that makes junctional complexes with T-tubules (triads); site of intracellular Ca2+ storage and release

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15
Q

What two filaments are myofibrils composed of?

A

Actin and myosin

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16
Q

What is the function of desmin?

A

Anchors to the inside of the sarcolemma and extends between myofibrils to help organize the cytoplasm and facilitate coordinated contraction

17
Q

What connective tissue layer is represented by 3?

A

Endomysium

18
Q

What connective tissue layer is represented by 2?

A

Perimysium

19
Q

What connective tissue layer is represented by 1?

A

Epimysium

20
Q

What structure is represented by 9?

A

Fascicle

21
Q

What structure is represented by 8?

A

Muscle cell or myofiber

22
Q

What structure is represented by 10?

A

Total muscle

23
Q

What is 1?

A

Sarcomere

24
Q

What is 2 and what are its properties?

A

Z line; define the boundaries of each sarcomere; contains α actinin (actin binding protein)

25
Q

What is 3 and what are its properties?

A

I band; composed exclusively of actin thin filaments; width decreases during contraction

26
Q

What is 4 and what are its properties?

A

M line; middle of H band; overlapping tails of thick filaments

27
Q

What is 5 and what are its properties?

A

H band; central region of the A band that contains only thick filaments; width decreases during contraction

28
Q

What is 6 and what are its properties?

A

A band; composed of overlapping thick and thin filaments; width decrease during contraction

29
Q

Which cells are type I skeletal muscle cells? Which are type II?

A

Type I are mostly white; type II are brown

30
Q

What are the components of the troponin complex?

A

Troponin-I, troponin-T, troponin-C

31
Q

What is the function of troponin-I?

A

Inhibits the binding of myosin to actin

32
Q

What is the function of troponin-C?

A

Binds Ca2+

33
Q

What is the function of troponin-T?

A

Binds tropomyosin

34
Q

What is the composition of thin filaments?

A

A twisted, double stranded F-actin filament composed of G-actin monomers; nebulin (stabilizer of thin filament length)

35
Q

What does F-actin complex with?

A

Tropomyosin and the troponin complex

36
Q

What is the composition of thick filaments?

A

Myosin (two identical heavy chains and two pair of light chains); titin (controls assembly, provides elasticity)

37
Q

What are the properties of the globular head of the myosin heavy chain?

A

Contains a binding site for actin; ATPase domain facilitates the hydrolysis of ATP; activity regulated by the myosin light chains

38
Q

Not really sure how to make cards for the sliding filament model so have fun with that

A

…thanks

39
Q
A

MSCT (14 decks)

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