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MSK: Upper Limbs > Muscle - Function, Origin, Insertion > Flashcards

Muscle - Function, Origin, Insertion Flashcards

1
Q

deltoid function

A

abduct arm up to 90 degree perpindicular to body
anterior fibers: flexion, medial rotation
middle fibers: abduction
posterior fibers: extension & lateral rotation of humerus

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2
Q

deltoid origin

A

anterior fibers: lateral third of clavicle
middle fibers: acromion process
posterior fibers: spine of scapula

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3
Q

deltoid insertion

A

all 3 fibers converge to insert on deltoid tuberosity (Vshape on lateral humeral shaft)

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4
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis
SITS

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5
Q

supraspinatus function

A

abduction initiator of humeral abduction
Very vulnerable to tear/impingement

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6
Q

supraspinatus origin

A

supraspinatus fossa of scapula

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7
Q

supraspinatus insertion

A

superior facet of greater tuberosity of humerus (medial)

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8
Q

infraspinatus function

A

external/lateral rotation of shoulder, assist in shoulder extension and adduction

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9
Q

infraspinatus origin

A

infraspinous fossa of scapula

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10
Q

infraspinatus insertion

A

middle facet of greater tuberosity of humerus

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11
Q

teres minor function

A

externally/laterally rotate humerus and additional stability (similar to infraspinatus)

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12
Q

teres minor origin

A

lateral border of scapula

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13
Q

teres minor insertion

A

interior facet of greater tuberosity of humerus

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14
Q

teres major function

A

adduction, medial rotator of humerus
assist in extension of arm in abduction

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15
Q

teres major origin

A

lateral border of inferior angle of scapula

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16
Q

teres major insertion

A

medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
(adjacent to latissimus dorsi)

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17
Q

subscapularis function

A

internal rotation of humerus, assist in adduction of arm
helps stabilize glenohumeral joint in anterior displacement
only anterior rotator cuff muscle

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18
Q

subscapularis origin

A

subscapular fossa (anterior surface of scapula)

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19
Q

subscapularis insertion

A

lesser tuberosity of humerus (most medial of all rotator cuff insertions)

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20
Q

abduction of 0-10 degrees

A

supraspinatus muscle via suprascapular nerve

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21
Q

abduction of 15-110 degrees

A

abduction to horizontal position is due to deltoid muscle via axilllary nerve

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22
Q

abduction 110-180 degeres

A

raise above horizontal uses scapular rotation by trapezius muscle (via spinal accessory nerve) and serratus anterior (via long thoracic nerve)

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23
Q

Jobe/Empty can test

A

pain or weakness = positive
suggest supraspinatus tendiopathy/tear

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24
Q

anterior relations of shoulder joint

A

subscapularis muscle ccovers anterior aspect, then coracobrachilais and short bicep head

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25
Q

posterior relations of shoulder joint

A

infraspinatus and teres minor muscles cover posterior aspect of joint, long head of triceps runs inferiorly

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26
Q

superior relations of shoulder joint

A

supraspinatus msucle, coracoacromial arch and deltoid muscle lie superior to joint

27
Q

inferior relations of shoulder joint

A

axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral vessels course around surgical neck of humerus, inferiro to joint capsule

28
Q

rotator cuff tears

A

from repeat overhead motion or acute trauma, include pain, weakness, limited ROM especially overhead

29
Q

shoulder impingement syndrome

A

compress rotator cuff tendons between humeral head and acromion
leads to inflamation, pain, decrease shoulder function specially overhead

30
Q

frozen shoulder

A

progressive stiffness and loss of shoulder motion
Moves through freezing, frozen and thawing stages with varying degrees of pain and limitations

31
Q

glenohumeral instability

A

excessive humeral head movement in fossa leads to subluxation or dislocation
from truama, stress, congenital laxity

32
Q

function of pectoralis major

A

adduction of humerus, medial rotation of humerus, flexion of humerus, extension of flexed humerus, depression of shoulder girdle

33
Q

pectoralis major heads

A

clavicular & sternocostal head

34
Q

origin of pectoralis major (clavicular head)

A

anterior surface of medial half of clavicle

35
Q

origin of pectoralis major (sternocostal head)

A

anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique

36
Q

insertion of pectoralis major

A

lateral lip of intertubercular grooce of humerus
Fibers twist @ junction, creating superior fibers attach inferiorly and inferior attach superiorly

37
Q

What muscles insert in the intertubercular groove?

A

latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, and teres major

38
Q

superficial fascia of pectoral region

A

vary amount fat and mammary gland, continuous with superficial fascia of neck, abdomen, upper limb

39
Q

pectoral fascia deep

A

covers pec major, attach to clavicle and continuous with fascia of deltoid & serratus anterior muscles

40
Q

clavipectoral fascia

A

this is pierced by cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery, lateral pectoral nerve and lymphatics (CALL)

area inferior to pec minor has suspensory ligament of axilla and creates armpit

41
Q

pectoralis minor function

A

accessory to respiration (elevate ribs when scapula fixed)
stabilize scapula (inferiorly and anteriorly agains thoracic wall)
assist protraction & downward rotation of scapula

42
Q

pectoralis minor origin

A

outer surfaces & upper borders of 3-5th ribs costal cartilage

43
Q

pectoralis minor insertion

A

medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula

44
Q

subclavius function

A

stabilize sternoclavicular joint in shoulder movement
depresses & draw clavicle anteriorly

45
Q

origin of subclavius

A

junction of first rib and costal cartilage (costochondral junction)

46
Q

insertion of subclavius

A

groove on inferior surface of middle third clavicle

47
Q

serratus anterior function

A

protract scapula
hold scapula against thoracic wall
rotate scapula up during arm abduction
assist in forced inspiration when shoulders fixed

48
Q

serratus anterior origin

A

external surface of upper 8-9 ribs at side of chest well

49
Q

serratus anterior insertion

A

entire anterior length of medial border of scapula, wrap around inferior angle

50
Q

biceps brachii function

A

chief supinator

51
Q

biceps brachii insertion

A

tuberosity of radiuis

52
Q

biceps brachii origin

A

short head: coracoid process
long head: supraglenoid tubercle

53
Q

corachobrachialis function

A

felx/adduct arm

54
Q

corachobrachialis origin

A

coracoid processc

55
Q

corachobrachialis insert

A

medial humerus

56
Q

brachialis function

A

chief flexor

57
Q

brachialis origin

A

anteriot humerus

58
Q

brachialis insert

A

coronoid process & tuberossity of ulna

59
Q

triceps brachii function

A

chief extensor

60
Q

triceps brachii oroigin

A

long: infraglenoid tubercle
lateral: posterior humerus
medial: posterior humerus

61
Q

triceps brachii insertion

A

proximal end of olecranon

62
Q

aconeus function

A

extending forarm

63
Q

aconeus origin

A

lateral epicondyle

64
Q

aconeous insert

A

lateral olecranon, sup/post ulna

MSK: Upper Limbs (4 decks)

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