muscle contraction Flashcards
What are the types of muscle contraction?
• Isometric
• Isotonic (Concentric, Eccentric)
What is a Concentric contraction?
The muscle shortens as it contracts.
Example: lifting a weight.
What is an Eccentric contraction?
The muscle lengthens as it contracts.
Example: lowering a weight.
what is isometric contraction?
Muscle tension increases, muscle doesn’t change length
What is an Isokinetic contraction?
Muscle contracts at a constant speed with special equipment.
What is Group Action?
Coordination of several muscles to produce a movement.
What is an Agonist?
The muscle most responsible for an action (prime mover).
What is an Antagonist?
The muscle responsible for the opposite action to the agonist
What is a Synergist?
Muscles that assist the agonist in the same motion.
What is a Stabilizer?
Synergists that hold the origin of a muscle in place.
What is a True Synergist?
Synergists that reduce motion at one joint to improve it at another.
What is Transient Hypertrophy?
Temporary muscle swelling from blood during exercise.
What is Chronic Hypertrophy?
Long-term muscle growth from:
1. More capillaries
2. More actin/myosin
3. More storage for energy
What causes Muscle Atrophy?
Muscle shrinkage due to inactivity, malnutrition, or disease.
What is Muscle Hyperplasia?
Muscle fibers split into new cells.
