Muscle Chart Flashcards
Pectoralis Major
Chest
Proximal: clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages of upper ribs
Distal: Lip of intertubercular sulcus
Innervation: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Action: adducts/medially rotates arm (also aids in flexion and extension of the humerus)
Pectoralis Minor
Chest
Proximal: Ribs near costal cartilage
Distal: Coracoid Process
Innervation: medial pectoral nerve
Action: Stabilizes the scapula
Subclavius
Proximal: first rib
Distal: clavicle
Innervation: Nerve to subclavius
Action: anchors/depresses clavicle
Serratus Anterior
Chest
Proximal: lateral surface of ribs
distal: medial border of scapula
Innervation: long thoracic nerve
Action: protracts scapula/holds it agains the thoracic wall
Deltoid
Shoulder
Prox: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapular
Distal: deltoid tuberosity
Innervation: axillary nerve
Action: (anterior fibers): flex/medially rotate arm
(Middle fibers): abduct arm
(Posterior fibers): extend/laterally rotate arm
Infraspinatus
Shoulder
Prox: infraspinous fossa
Distal: greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
Action: laterally rotates the arm
Supraspinatus
Shoulder
Prox: supraspinous fossa
Distal: Greater tubercle of the humerus
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
Action: initiates arm abduction
Teres Minor
Shoulder
Prox: Lateral border of scapula
Distal: greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation: axillary nerve
Action: laterally rotates arm
Teres Major
Shoulder
Prox: inferior angle of scapula
Distal: Lip of intertubercular sulcus
Innervation: lower subscapular nerve
Action: adducts/medially rotates the arm
Subscapularis
Shoulder
Prox: subscapular fossa
distal: lesser tubercle of humerus
Innervation: upper and lower subscapular nerves
Actions: medially rotates the arm
Biceps Brachii
Arm
Prox: (short head): coracoid process; (long head): supraglenoid tubercle
Distal: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Action: flexes and supinates forearm
Coracobrachialis
Arm
Prox: coracoid process
distal: midshaft of humerus
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Action: (weakly) flexes and adducts arm
Brachialis
Arm
Prox: Distal humeral shaft
Distal: coronoid process of the ulna
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (a little contribution from radial)
Action: flexes forearm
Triceps Brachii
Arm
Prox: (long head): infraglenoid tubercle; (lateral and medial heads): shaft of humerus
Distal: olecranon process
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: extends forearm
Anconeus
Arm
Prox: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Distal: proximal ulna
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: (weakly) extends forearm
Pronator Teres
Forearm
Prox: coronoid process and medial epicondyle
Distal: radial shaft
Innervation: median nerve
Action: pronates/flexes forearm
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Forearm
Prox: medial epicondyle of humerus
Distal: 2nd metacarpal
Innervation: median nerve
Action: flexes/abducts hand
Palmaris Longus
Forearm
Prox: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Distal: Flexor Retinaculum and Palmar aponeurosis
Innervation: Median Nerve
Action: flexes hand/tenses palmar aponeurosis
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Forearm
Prox: Medial spondylitis of humerus and olecranon process
Distal: Pisiform, hook of hamate and 5th metacarpal
Innervation: Ulnar nerve
Action: flexes/adducts hand
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Forearm
Prox: Medial epicondyle of humerus and proximal radius
Distal: middle phalanges of digits 2-5
Innervation: median nerve
Action: flexes PIP and MP joints of digits 2-5
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Forearm
Prox: proximal and middle ulna
Distal: distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Innervation: Ulnar nerve (medial half) and Median nerve (lateral half)
Action: Flexes DIP of digits 2-5
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Forearm
Prox: radial shaft
Distal: distal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: median nerve
Action: flexes thumb
Pronator Quadratus
Forearm
Prox: distal ulna
Distal: distal readius
Innervation: median nerve
Action: pronates forearm
Brachioradialis
Forearm
Prox: Supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
Distal: distal radius
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: flexes forearm
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Forearm
Prox: Lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
Distal: 2nd metacarpal
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: extends/abducts hand
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Forearm
Prox: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Distal: 3rd metacarpal
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: extends/abducts hand
Extensor Digitorum
Forearm
Prox: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Distal: extensor expansion of digits 2-5
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: extends MP and IP joints of digits 2-5
Extensor digiti minimi
Forearm
Prox: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Distal: extensor expansion of digit 5
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: extends MP and IP joints of digit 5
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Forearm
Prox: lateral epicondyle of humerus and proximal ulna
Distal: 5th metacarpal
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: extends/adducts hand
Supinator
Forearm
Prox: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Distal: proximal radius
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: supinates forearm
Extensor Indices
Forearm
Prox: distal ulna
Distal: extensor expansion of digit 2
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: extends digit 2
Abductor pollicis longus
Forearm
Prox: proximal ulna and radius
Distal: 1st metacarpal
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: Abducts thumb
Extensor pollicis longus
Forearm
Prox: midshaft of ulna
Distal: distal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: extends thumb
Extensor Pollicis brevis
Forearm
prox: distal radius
Distal: proximal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: radial nerve
Action: extends thumb
Opponens Pollicis
Hand
Prox: flexor retinaculum and carpal bones
Distal: 1st metacarpal
Innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve
Action: opposes thumb
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Hand
Prox: flexor retinaculum and carpal bones
Distal: proximal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve
Action: abducts thumb
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Hand
Prox: flexor retinaculum and carpal bones
Distal: proximal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve
Action: flexes thumb
Adductor Pollicis
Hand
Prox: (oblique head): 2nd and 3rd metacarpal and adjacent carpal bones; (Transverse head): 3rd metacarpal
Distal: proximal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: ulnar nerve
Action: adducts thumb
Adductor Digiti Minimi
Hand
Prox: pisiform
Distal: proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Innervation: ulnar nerve
Action: abducts 5th digit
Flexor Digiti Minimi
Hand
Prox: hook of hamate
Distal: proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Innervation: ulnar nerve
Action: flexes 5th digit
Opponens Digiti
Hand
Prox: hook of hamate
Distal: 5th metacarpal
Innervation: ulnar nerve
Action: opposes 5th digit
Lumbricals 1+2
Hand
Prox: lateral two tendons of FDP
Distal: extensor expansion of digits 2+3
Innervation: median nerve
Action: Flex MP joint and Extend IP joint
Lumbricals 3+4
Hand
Prox: Median three tendons of FDP
distal: extensor expansion of digits 4+5
Innervation: ulnar nerve
Action: flex MP join, extend IP joint
Dorsal Interossei (4) (Hand)
prox: adjacent sides of metacarpals
Distal: proximal phalanges and extensor expansions
Innervation: ulnar nerve
Action: abducts digits 2-4; assists lumbricals
Palmar Interossei (3) (Hand)
Prox: palmar surface of metacarpals 2,4,5
Distal: proximal phalanges and extensor expansions
Innervation: ulnar nerve
Actions: adducts digits 2,4,5; assists lumbricals
