Muscle and Cardiology Flashcards
What is the sarcolemma?
the plasmalemma of the muscle cell
What is the sarcoplasm?
the cytoplasm of the muscle cell
What is the sarcoplasm reticulum?
the smooth ER of a muscle cell
What is a myofibril?
the group of muscle myofilaments, contractile elements of myofiber
What is a myoblast?
a myofiber precursor- cells that differentiate into mature muscle cells
What are myofibers?
single muscle cells, made of multiple myofibrils which are made of myofilaments
What are fascicles?
groups of myofibers
Proteins that make up the thick filaments in myofilaments
myosin- II
Proteins that make up the thin filaments in myofilaments
actin, tropomyosin, and troponin
What is a sarcomere?
the unit arrangement of myofilaments that is the structural and contractile unit of muscle
What is perimysium?
the connective tissue that surrounds muscle fasicicles
What is epimysium?
dense irregular connective tissue that covers the surface of muscles
What is endomysium?
the collagenous tissue that surrounds the individual myofibers (muscle cells)
What is a syncytium?
a multinucleate mass, muscle cells are an example of this
Smooth muscle contraction is like
a wringing of a towel
innervation of smooth muscle
autonomic innervation which is also responsive to stretching to circulating hormones
Innervation of skeletal muscle
voluntary control with neuromuscular junction with a motor end plate.
Axon terminal has synaptic vesicles which contain neurotransmitter acetylcholine
Red fiber
type of skeletal muscle with more myoglobin pigment and are slow twitch fibers
White fibers
type of skeletal muscle with less myoglobin pigment and are fast twitch fibers
intermediate muscle fibers
mixture of red and white muscle fibers
