Muscle Flashcards
What are the three muscles located in the posterior thigh?
Semitendinosus, Biceps Femoris, Semimembranosus
How many muscles are found in the foot?
12 muscles
What is the origin of the Semitendinosus muscle?
Ischial tuberosity
What is the insertion point of the Biceps Femoris long head?
Lateral surface of head of fibula
What nerve innervates the Semitendinosus?
Sciatic nerve (tibial division)
What action does the Biceps Femoris perform?
Flexes and laterally rotates leg, extends the thigh
True or False: The short head of the Biceps Femoris is part of the hamstrings.
False
What is the function of the Plantaris muscle?
Weakly assist gastrocnemius
What is the innervation of the Popliteus muscle?
Tibial nerve (L4-L5, S1)
Fill in the blank: The Tibialis Anterior muscle _______ the foot and inverts the foot.
Dorsiflexes
What are the origins of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?
Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal three-fourths of anterior surfaces of interosseous membrane of fibula
Which nerve innervates the Fibularis Longus?
Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)
What action does the Gastrocnemius perform?
Plantarflexes foot, assists in flexion of knee, raises heel in walking
What is the origin of the Soleus muscle?
Posterior surface of head of fibula, proximal one-fourth of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line of tibia
What is the action of the Flexor Hallucis Longus?
Flexes all joints of great toe, plantar flexes foot (weakly)
What is the innervation for the Flexor Digitorum Longus?
Tibial nerve (S2-S3)
What is the action of the Tibialis Posterior?
Plantar flexes foot and inverts foot, arch support longitudinal arch
What is the origin of the Abductor Hallucis?
Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis
Which nerve innervates the Lumbricals?
Medial one: medial plantar nerve; Lateral 3: lateral plantar nerve
What is the action of the Flexor Digiti Minimi?
Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Which muscle is responsible for tensing the skin of the neck?
Platysma
What is the action of the Omohyoid muscle?
Steadies and depresses hyoid bone
Fill in the blank: The Sternocleidomastoid muscle _______ flexes the head bilaterally.
Bilaterally
What is the origin of the Digastric muscle?
Anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible; Posterior belly: mastoid notch of temporal bone
What action does the Stylohyoid muscle perform?
Elevates and retracts hyoid bone
What is the innervation of the Tensor Fasciae Latae?
Superior gluteal nerve
True or False: The Gluteus Maximus assists in medial rotation of the hip.
False
What are the origins of the Gluteus Medius?
Os coxa (ilium)
What is the insertion of the Piriformis muscle?
Greater trochanter
What is the action of the Obturator Internus?
Laterally rotates hip joint, stabilize hip
What is the function of the superior gluteal nerve?
Abduction and medial rotation of hip
Which muscle is described as pear-shaped?
Piriformis
What anatomical structures are associated with the piriformis?
Sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
Where is the greater trochanter located?
On the femur
What are the anterior rami associated with the piriformis?
S1, S2
What is the primary action of the obturator internus?
Laterally rotate hip joint, stabilize hip
What is the function of the obturator internus when the hip is extended?
Lateral rotation
What is the function of the obturator internus when the hip is flexed?
Abduction
What structures form the obturator foramen?
Obturator membrane and obturator internus
What is the location of the trochanteric fossa?
On the femur
What nerve innervates the obturator internus?
Nerve to obturator internus
What are the functions of the superior and inferior gemelli?
Laterally rotate hip joint, stabilize hip
Where does the superior gemellus originate?
Ischial spine
Where does the inferior gemellus originate?
Ischial tuberosity
What is the insertion point for the superior gemellus?
Greater trochanter
Which nerve innervates the superior gemellus?
Nerve to obturator internus
Which nerve innervates the inferior gemellus?
Nerve to quadratus femoris
What is the shape of the quadratus femoris?
Short and square shaped
Where does the quadratus femoris originate?
Ischial tuberosity
What is the insertion point of the quadratus femoris?
Quadrate tubercle on femur
What nerve innervates the quadratus femoris?
Nerve to quadratus femoris
What is the primary action of the quadratus femoris?
Laterally rotate hip joint
