Muscle Flashcards
Function of CT?
aids in contraction (flexion and extension), connect muscle to bone, provide structure and transmission of the force of contraction, nutrition - via vessels
Functions of muscle?
locomotion, peristalsis, parturition, regulation of vascular diameter, pump blood
Smooth muscle function?
peristalsis, vascular system (blood flow and pressure), parturition, vomiting, piloerector muscles, airway constriction/relaxation, pupil diameter
Smooth muscle location?
blood vessels, GI tract, urogenital tract
Where is the tunica muscularis located?
GI tract
Function of nexus?
communication, spread of contraction
Function of caveolae?
neurotransmitter uptake
Skeletal muscle function?
locomotion, chewing, voluntary
Shoulder Sweeney?
neurogenic atrophy: damaged nerve leading to muscle atrophy
What bacterium is the cause of Blackleg in young beef steer?
Clostridium chauvoei
Which ion release stimulates contraction?
Ca++
What is the mechanism of contraction of skeletal muscle?
in the presence of ATP and Ca++ the myosin heads extending from the thick filaments pivot, pulling the actin thin filaments toward the center of the sarcomere
Function of T-tubules?
conduct impulses from the sarcolemma into the cell and to the sarcoplasmic reticulum
What is hypertrophy?
increased cell size, leading to double muscling
What is a mechanism of white muscle disease?
selenium and vitamin E deficiency; common in small ruminants; affects cardiac muscle
Function of cardiac muscle?
rhythmic contraction, blood circulation
What is the function of the following: gap junctions, desmosomes, intercalated discs, and purkinje cells?
Gap Junctions: communication
Desmosomes: adhesion
Intercalated discs: lowered electrical resistance
Purkinje cells: conduction
What is monensin in the horse?
left ventricle of part of the horse heart: muscle arythmia, death, necrosis
