Musc Flashcards
What are different causes of popiteal swelling?
Bakers cyst - may also have osteoarthritis
Popiteal aneurysm
What is normal, valgus and varus
Describe what a total knee replacement scar look like?
Longitudnal scar across anterior aspect of knee
What causes a high stepping gait?
Peroneal nerve palsy due to trauma
What is the earliest muscle to atrophy in knee disease?
Vastus medialis - can be seen in chronic knee issues eg osteoarthritis
Which direction is knee replacement most likely to dislocate in?
Posterior - as the PCL may be removed (metal prosthesis has something to stop it from doing this)
What are the types of knee replacement?
What are the causes of knee replacements?
Osteoarthritis
RA
Chronic Gout
Trauma
Coagulopathy - recurrent haemarthroses can lead to early age osteoarthritis
How long do knee replacements last?
10-25y
What are the possible complications of TKR?
infection = both of prosthesis and other infections
DVT in up to 50% of patients - due to how the joints are manipulated during surgery
How do you manage VTE risk in TKR pts?
Aspirin for 2w
OR
LMWH for 2w + Ted stockings
OR
Rivaroxaban
How do you manage VTE risk in Hip replacement pts?
LMWH for 10d followed by aspirin for 28d
OR
LMWH for 28d + ted stockings
OR
Rivaroxaban
RFs for osteoarthritis?
Female
Age
Obesity
High bone density
Joint trauma
Coagulopathy
Congenital joint disease
What signs can be seen in the hands in osteoarthritis?
What XR signs are seen in Osteoarthritis?
Loss of joint space - Usually more medially affected
Osteophytes
Subchondral sclerosis
Subchondral cysts
Ix of pts w osteoarthritis?
What are the associated XR changes w/ osteoarthritis and RA?
Mx of osteoarthritis
