Murmurs

Question 1

Describe aortic sclerosis

Answer 1

Early systolic murmur

‘Musical’

Question 2

Describe aortic stenosis

Answer 2

Ejection systolic
Radiates to carotids
Best heard sitting up

Question 3

Describe mitral regurgitation

Answer 3

Pan systolic

Question 4

Describe mitral valve prolapse

Answer 4

Late systolic murmur with ‘click’

Question 5

Describe aortic regurgitation

Answer 5

Early diastolic

Best heard sitting forwards and holding breath after expiration

Question 6

Describe mitral stenosis

Answer 6

End diastolic because due to atria contraction pushing blood through mitral valve
Best heard lying on left side

Question 7

Cause of mitral stenosis

Answer 7

Rheumatic fever

Question 8

Where do you listen to each valve

Answer 8

Aortic: right sternal edge, 2nd intercostal space
Pulmonary: left sternal edge, 2nd intercostal space
Tricuspid: left sternal edge, 4th intercostal space
Mitral: left midclavicular line, 5th intercostal space

Question 9

What is roger’s murmur

Answer 9

Pansystolic murmur at left sternal edge associated with a thrill
Caused by VSD