murmurs Flashcards
What is the murmur for AR
early diastolic
what is the murmur for As
harsh ejection systolic
what is the murmur for mr
pansystolic
what is the murmur for ms
middiastolic
What are the causes of AS?
age - senile calcification, bicuspid a valve, congenital, rheumatic fever, bacterial endocarditis, coarctation, angiodysplasia
what are the clinical signs of AS
harsh ejection systolic murmur radiating to carotid, slow rising, low vol pulse, narrow pulse pressure
what investigations are done for as
ecg, cxr, echo
what is the management for as
only w/ symptomatic, avr +/- cabg, trans aortic valvular implantation, balloon aortic valvuloplasty
what are the indications for sx in as
severe w/ symp - syncope, angina, dyspnoea; asymp w/ either lv func <50% or abnormal ETT
What are the causes of mr
rheumatic heart disease, endocarditis, marfans, mi, sarcoid
what are the signs of mr
esm LSE 2ICS, af, displaced apex, vol loaded thrusting
what is the management of mr
anti-coag if in af, diuretics, acei or b blockers if lv impaired, sx if symp, lv dilatation, dysfunc, ischaemic papillary muscle rupture
what are the signs of ar
collapsing pulse, wide pressure pulse, apex beat lat displaced, early diastolic murmur
what are the causes of ar
congenital, aortic dissection, endocarditis, trauma, rheumatic fever, connective tissue disease, dilatation of aortic root
what is the management of ar
acei, arb, sx in severe
