Murder Cases Flashcards
definition of murder
“the unlawful killing of a reasonable creature in being under the king/queens peace with malice aforethought” -Lord Coke
definition for actus reus
“the unlawful killing of a reasonable creature in being under the king/queens peace”
“unlawful”
the killing is not justified, eg self defence
“under the king/queens peace”
killing in the course of war is not murder
“reasonable creature in being”
the death of a human being eg brain stem death (Malcherek) or killing of a foetus (A-G’s Ref (no3 of 1994))
Malcherek
death of a human being does not apply to a brain stem death
Attorney Generals’ Ref (No 3 of 1994)
death of a human being does not apply to the killing of a foetus
Stone & Dobinson, Gibbons & Proctor
omission of a duty to care, assumed voluntarily
Miller
omission of duty to deal with a dangerous situation
Pittwood
omission of contractual duty
White, Pagett
factual causation
Smith, Pagett
legal causation
Corbett, Roberts
NAI: victims own act
Pagett
NAI: act of a 3rd party
Cheshire
NAI: medical negligence