Multistore Memory Model

Question 1

Who’s model is it

Answer 1

Atkinson and shiffrin (1968)

Question 2

What is iconic storage?
What is echoic storage?

Answer 2

• visual information
• auditory or sound information

Question 3

What is the capacity of STM?
What is the study that supports it?

Answer 3

7 +/-2 bits of information
Miller (1956)

Question 4

What is the duration of STM?
What is the study?

Answer 4

30 seconds
Peterson

Question 5

How is STM stored?
Study?

Answer 5

Acoustic
Baddeley (1966 A)

Question 6

What is the capacity of the LTM?
Study?

Answer 6

Unlimited
Brady

Question 7

What is the duration of LTM?
STUDY?

Answer 7

Lifetime
Bahrick

Question 8

How is LTM stored?
Study?

Answer 8

Semantic
Baddeley (1966 B)

Question 9

What 3 stores does the MSM consist of

Answer 9

Sensory register
Short-term store
Long-term store

Question 10

BAHRICK ET AL (1975)
- what and how did he investigate?
- sample? (Pps + age)
- results?
- what does it show?

Answer 10

• Investigated the VLTM using a series of memory tests on the names and faces of students in their high school yearbooks
• 400 pps, aged 17-74
• They found identification of names and faces was 90% accurate within 15years of leaving child and between 70-80% accurate 48 years after leaving school.
• It shows that although memory deteriorates over time LTM for the faces and names is resilient

Question 11

BRADY ET AL (2008)
- procedure?
- results?
- what does this show?

Answer 11

• showed pps 2500 objects over the course of 5.5 hours. They were then shown pairs of objects and asked to identify which one they’d seen
• Object-v.diff.object -> identification = 92%
• Object-similar object -> identification = 88%
• Object from diff angle -> identification = 87%
• This demonstrated that thousands of images can be maintained successfully in the LTM store

Question 12

2 case studies supporting MSM model

Answer 12

Henry molaison and Clive wearing

Question 13

MILLER (1956)

Answer 13

• capacity -STM
• found that STM has a capacity if 7 items but struggles more than 9
• found info can be chunked to hold more info in STM - but this loses accuracy

Question 14

PETERSON AND PETERSON (1959)

Answer 14

• duration -STM
• investigated duration of STM using influence task
• pps required to remember 1 trigram
• found that correct recall after short period of time but performance dropped rapidly after 15-18 seconds

Question 15

BADDELEY 1966 A

Answer 15

• encoding - STM
• recall of 10 words either acoustically/semantically related
• acoustic coding in the short term store
• LTM store and STM store in diff areas if brain

Question 16

BADDELEY 1966 B

Answer 16

• encoding - LTM
• semantic related words more difficult to retrieve from LTM store
• LTM store and STM store in different areas if the brain