Multistore

Question 1

Intro

Answer 1

The multi store model of memory, 1968, suggest that memory follows a linear model involving three distinct stores, being sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory. In this model memory is viewed as information from the environment through the five senses and stored briefly in sensory memory, which lasts 8 to 13 seconds if rehearsed, it will be encoded into long-term memory, which has theoretically unlimited duration.

Question 2

Recall stm

Answer 2

The model tells us that the information can be reccalled from the short term memory and brought into the conscious mind the rehearsal loop stores up to 9 items of information, and the more often information is looped through the short-term memory the more securely it is rehearsed.

Question 3

Support for stm

Answer 3

This is suggested by Peterson and Peterson 1959, a lot of research into the rehearsal loop uses the brown Peterson technique. This involves blocking rehearsals by getting participants to do an interference tasks. Participants might learn meaningless information like three letter trigrams, then perform the interference task for different durations. Participants forget most trigrams after nine seconds of interference, and almost all of them after 18 seconds. This supports the duration of short-term memory.

Question 4

George miller

Answer 4

George Miller conducted research into the capacity of short-term memories. In 1957, result show that short-term memory has a capacity of seven items of information comfortably. But struggles to hold more than nine Miller found that bits of information can be grouped together into chunks short-term memory can hold more information in chunks but loses accuracy. This supports that short-term memory can only hold up to seven bits of information.

Question 5

Barwick

Answer 5

Bahrick 1975, investigated the duration of long-term memory using 392 American university graduates who were shown photographs from their high school yearbook and for each photograph. Participants were given a group of names and asked to select the name that matched. The photographs showed 90% of the participants were able to correctly match their names and faces 14 years after graduating and 60% of the participants were able to correctly match the names and faces 47 years after graduation, these results support the multi model and idea that our long-term memory has a lifetime duration and is semantically encoded

Question 6

Contradict KF

Answer 6

The case study that contradict the multi store model, for example, shall list and Warrington 1970 looked at a patient named KF, who had suffered a motorcycle accident who had retained the ability to add memories to his long-term memory despite having a severely damage, short-term memory he was unable to repeat back more than two digits. The multi model cannot explain this, although this instead supports the working memory model 1974, which is considered to be a refinement of the multi model as it replaces the short-term memory, and provides a more detailed explanation of rehearsal and retrieval within the long-term memory

Question 7

Contradictions brown Peterson technique

Answer 7

The multistore memory is based on experiments like the brown Peterson technique which is artificial in real situations. Memory is used to recall important information with failure to do so normally resulting in some form of consequence this would mean that the model lacks ecological validity as it is unable to explain how memory works in real life scenarios. It is not representative

Question 8

Acoustically baddeley

Answer 8

The model suggest that information is encoded acoustically, which is how it sounds and semantically, which is what it means they found the STM works mostly by acoustic and LTM uses types of including that favour semantic. This is suggested by badly 1966B. The results show that acoustically similar words seem to be confusing at first , but participant soon catch up with the control group and even overtake them, but this isn’t statistically significant long time. Memory is not confused by acoustic similarities as school of the last test Are similar to the fourth trial suggesting no forgetting is taken place. This suggest how long-term memory is encoded