Multiple Choice Quiz Questions

Question 1

What are the three main roles of macronutrients in human nutrition?
a. Energy source, hormone production, vitamin storage
b. Building blocks, energy source, hormone-like function
c. Enzyme production, energy source, water retention
d. Vitamin storage, hormone production, immune system support

Answer 1

b. Building blocks, energy source, hormone-like function

Question 2

How do macronutrients compare to micronutrients in terms of daily nutrient intake?
a. Micronutrients make up a greater portion of daily nutrient intake.
b. Macronutrients and micronutrients are consumed in equal amounts.
c. Macronutrients make up the majority of daily nutrient intake.
d. Micronutrients are only obtained from dietary supplements.

Answer 2

c. Macronutrients make up the majority of daily nutrient intake.

Question 3

Which macronutrient should constitute approximately 45-65% of daily energy intake?
a. Lipids
b. Carbohydrates
c. Protein
d. Fiber

Answer 3

b. Carbohydrates

Question 4

What health effect can result from excess caloric intake, particularly an increase in fat retention?
a. Osteoporosis
b. Anemia
c. Obesity
d. Diabetes

Answer 4

c. Obesity

Question 5

In terms of nutrient-disease relationships, what is the significance of metabolism?
a. Metabolism is irrelevant to nutrient-disease relationships.
b. Metabolism is the primary cause of all diseases.
c. Diseases can be linked to imbalances in metabolism and nutrient distribution.
d. Metabolism is only important for mental health.

Answer 5

c. Diseases can be linked to imbalances in metabolism and nutrient distribution.

Question 6

Which diseases can be associated with imbalances in nutrient metabolism?
a. Cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity, diabetes, and mental health disorders
b. Respiratory infections, osteoporosis, and hypertension
c. Malaria, tuberculosis, and Parkinson’s disease
d. Allergic reactions and skin disorders

Answer 6

a. Cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity, diabetes, and mental health disorders

Question 7

What is the role of saturated fatty acids in the progression of coronary heart disease?
a. They have no impact on coronary heart disease.
b. They directly cause coronary heart disease.
c. There is no correlation between saturated fat intake and coronary disease.
d. Saturated fat intake is highly correlated with incidents of coronary disease.

Answer 7

d. Saturated fat intake is highly correlated with incidents of coronary disease.

Question 8

How would you best describe metabolism in the context of nutrition?
a. It is a process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones.
b. Metabolism is a set of integrated reactions needed to maintain life.
c. Metabolism refers to the storage of energy in fat cells.
d. Metabolism is the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine.

Answer 8

b. Metabolism is a set of integrated reactions needed to maintain life.

Question 9

Which organs are part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?
a. Liver, gallbladder, pancreas
b. Stomach, liver, small intestine
c. Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
d. Small intestine, large intestine, pancreas

Answer 9

c. Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT considered an accessory organ in digestion?
a. Tongue
b. Liver
c. Gallbladder
d. Small intestine

Answer 10

d. Small intestine

Question 11

What is the primary role of the salivary glands in digestion?
a. They mechanically break down food.
b. They produce and release saliva with enzymes for chemical digestion.
c. They store food temporarily.
d. They help with the storage of bile.

Answer 11

b. They produce and release saliva with enzymes for chemical digestion.

Question 12

What is the function of the esophagus in the digestive system?
a. Absorption of nutrients
b. Mixing of gastric juices
c. Moving food from the oral cavity to the stomach
d. Production of bile

Answer 12

c. Moving food from the oral cavity to the stomach

Question 13

What is the purpose of peristalsis in the esophagus?
a. Mixing of chyme with gastric juices
b. Preventing the entry of chyme into the stomach
c. Moving the bolus from the oral cavity to the stomach
d. Absorbing water and nutrients

Answer 13

c. Moving the bolus from the oral cavity to the stomach

Question 14

Which part of the stomach is responsible for the production of gastric juices?
a. Fundus
b. Body
c. Antrum
d. Cardia

Answer 14

b. Body

Question 15

What is the pH of gastric juice, and what is its function?
a. pH of 7, it helps with protein digestion
b. pH of 2, it denatures proteins and activates pepsinogen
c. pH of 9, it neutralizes stomach acid
d. pH of 5, it enhances carbohydrate digestion

Answer 15

b. pH of 2, it denatures proteins and activates pepsinogen

Question 16

Which cells in the stomach produce pepsinogen and lipase?
a. Chief cells
b. Parietal cells
c. G-cells
d. Mucous cells

Answer 16

a. Chief cells

Question 17

What is the primary function of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?
a. It neutralizes stomach acid.
b. It activates pepsinogen to pepsin and helps with protein digestion.
c. It breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars.
d. It stimulates the production of somatostatin.

Answer 17

b. It activates pepsinogen to pepsin and helps with protein digestion.

Question 18

What is the partially digested food that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine called?
a. Chyme
b. Bolus
c. Gastrin
d. Mucosa

Answer 18

a. Chyme

Question 19

Which part of the small intestine is primarily responsible for nutrient digestion and absorption?
a. Duodenum
b. Ileum
c. Jejunum
d. Colon

Answer 19

a. Duodenum

Question 20

What structures in the small intestine contribute to its large surface area for nutrient absorption?
a. Villi and microvilli
b. Mucosa and submucosa
c. Rugae and folds
d. Peristalsis and segmentation movements

Answer 20

a. Villi and microvilli