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EEPS 110 > Multiple Choice Questions 2 > Flashcards

Multiple Choice Questions 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest reservoir of liquid freshwater on Earth?

A

glaciers and ice caps

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2
Q

Where does the majority of water for public supply come from?

A

streams

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3
Q

Which sector accounts for the largest surface water usage?

A

have no clue

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4
Q

Which sector accounts for the largest groundwater usage?

A

agriculture/irrigation

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5
Q

Which of the following is the proper water input/output balance to form a salt lake?

A

P + R = E

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6
Q

Where is most groundwater stored?

A

pore spaces between sediment grains

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7
Q

Which of the following minerals would have low porosity and low permeability?

A

clay

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8
Q

Which area of the United States is an example of groundwater mining driven by heavy agricultural use?

A

High Plains/Midwest

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9
Q

What important ecological function does lake overturn serve?

A

prevents bottom from becoming anoxic

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10
Q

What is the name of the zone in which groundwater interactions with stream water?

A

hyporheic zone

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11
Q

What is the primary natural hazard on leading-edge shorelines?

A

mass wasting

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12
Q

What type of tides does most of the Gulf of Mexico experience?

A

diurnal

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13
Q

What phenomenon results in the largest changes to shorelines and barrier islands?

A

tropical storms/hurricanes

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14
Q

What type of system operates on the Gulf of Mexico shoreline?

A

wave-dominated

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15
Q

What is the “fuel” that drives large tropical storms and hurricanes?

A

warm ocean water

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16
Q

Which of the following hazards are associated with tropical storms and hurricanes?

A

high wind, inland flooding, storm surge

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17
Q

What type of sedimentary deposits form on barrier islands during large storms?

A

washover fans

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18
Q

What type of engineered structure is primarily used to halt longshore drift?

A

groins

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19
Q

What energy source is responsible for transporting and shaping aeolian dunes?

A

winds

20
Q

What type of system operates on the Georgia coast?

A

tide-dominated

21
Q

Which of the following drive sediment transport and landscape change on the coast?

A

waves, tides, currents, winds

22
Q

What type of motion do particles in ocean waves follow?

A

circular

23
Q

What is the energy source for most ocean waves?

A

winds

24
Q

What phenomenon causes temporary sea level rise during large storms?

A

storm surge

25
Q

What is the primary hazard (and source of damage) during Hurricane Harvey?

A

high precipitation

26
Q

What is the source for most of the salts in the oceans?

A

chemically weathered rocks

27
Q

Which of these is are a significant driver of surface currents in the oceans?

A

atmospheric pressure variations, rotation of the Earth, and winds

28
Q

What is the most significant energy input at Earth’s surface?

A

insolation

29
Q

Which of the following materials has the highest Albedo?

A

fresh snow

30
Q

Which of the following materials has the lowest Albedo?

A

seawater

31
Q

Which of the following are fundamental properties of the Coriolis effect?

A

effects increase in proportion to wind speed, causes deflection to the right in the northern hemisphere, and effect is zero at the equator

32
Q

What is the significance of a surface convergence in the general atmosphere circulation model?

A

creates favorable conditions for hurricanes

33
Q

In which layer of the atmosphere does the temperature increase due to heating of ozone by ultraviolet radiation?

A

stratosphere

34
Q

What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

A

nitrogen

35
Q

Which of the following best describes the magnitude of the Coriolis effect?

A

proportional to wind speed

36
Q

In which atmospheric layer does nearly all of the circulation occur that drives our weather?

A

troposphere

37
Q

What type of moraines mark the retreat of a glacier?

A

recessional

38
Q

What type of rocks host the mineralized (hydrothermally altered) zone in the Cordillera
Blanca?

A

Mesozoic marine sedimentary rocks

39
Q

What is the source of acidity in some surface waters in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru?

A

mineralized rocks exposed by deglaciation

40
Q

When was the Last Glacial Maximum?

A

20 ka

41
Q

Which of the following refers to the change in shape of Earth’s orbit every 100 ka?

A

eccentricity

42
Q

What is the average duration of Earth’s precession cycle?

A

26 ka

43
Q

What would you expect the climate to be like if eccentricity, obliquity, and precession all reduce summer isolation?

A

ice age

44
Q

Which of the following is the most abundance greenhouse gas?

A

H2O

45
Q

Why is CO2 the greenhouse gas of most significance to climate change?

A

long resistance time

46
Q

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of the Cordillera Blanca, Peru?

A

highest concentration of tropical glaciers, flat slab subduction, and rapid deglaciation in last few decades

EEPS 110 (8 decks)

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