Multiple Choice Questions Flashcards
Poaceae - grass family
Economically speaking, what’s the most important plant family with about 10,000 species worldwide?
Soy
Which crop is NOT one of the three plants accounting for 50% of the world’s calories consumed by humans?
Within the Middle East, evidence suggests a core area of plant domestication
Which of these statements is FALSE regarding the advent of agriculture?
Improved selective breeding and increased agronomic inputs
Agriculture originated about 10,000 years ago. By 1960, humans were producing 1 billion tons of food grain. In 2000, humans produced 2 billion tons of food grain. Which answer best explains the doubled production over those forty years?
Undernourishment is a problem outside of Texas and the US
All of the following are true EXCEPT:
Access
The definition of food security involves which one of the five stages of food systems?
High yielding
Semi-dwarfism
Shortened maturation time
Wide adaptation
Resistance to biotic stresses
Tolerance to abiotic stresses
Norman Borlaug (and the Green Revolution) selectively bred wheat and later rice for which of the following traits?
The increased production came from converting native areas into agricultural areas
All of the following statements regarding the Green Revolution are true EXCEPT
Increased human capacity
In 1912, the average US corn yield was 20 bushels/acre. In 2012, it was 123 bushels/acre. What best explains this increase in yield?
Potential productivity - realized productivity
The yield gap is best defined as:
High rates of land conversion
The intensification of agricultural production contributes to all of the following EXCEPT:
Oxygen enrichment
All of the following are consequences of excessive nutrients (e.g. nitrogen) in water EXCEPT:
Same goal; different echnique
The general public confuses selective breeding and genetic engineering. Which statement best compares the two practices?
Aquifer depletion and shifts from corn crops
According to the World Wildlife Fund, all of the following are consequences of the ‘irresponsible expansion of soy’ in South America EXCEPT
Transformation
One method of biotechnology uses an agrobacterium (soil bacterium) containing a Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid capable of integrating into plant cells thereby utilizing a naturally-occurring ___________ process
2,1,4,3,5
Which sequence best describes the basic process of biotechnology in plants using agrobacterium?
1. insert gene into a ti plasmid
2. identify and isolate a gene of interest
3. screen cells, using selectable marker to identify transformed cells
4. mix ti plasmid with plant cells, allowing plasmid to move into plant cells
5. regenerate transgenic plants from transformed cells
Herbicide tolerance and insect resistance
Most of the corn grown in the US is ‘stacked’ for the following two traits:
Wheat
The most commonly adopted GE crops in the US include all of the following EXCEPT:
Increasing herbicide resistance
One of the main problems associated with GE/bioengineered crops is:
Tolerance herbicides
Environmental benefits of GE/bioengineered crops include all the following EXCEPT:
False
There are more dominant species than rare species in this prairie grassland
True
There are more rare species than dominant species in this prairie grassland
True
Dominant species are largely unaffected by additional nitrogen
True
High levels of nitrogen (95 kg/ha/yr) reduce the number of rare plant species
True
Low levels of nitrogen (10 kg/ha/yr) reduce the number of rare plant species
The problem of stunting and wasting is resolved.
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the state of global nutrition?
Access
The definition of food security involves which ONE of the five stages of food systems?
Both A and C
What’s the evidence that food security is an important issue here in America?
A. Most school meals in the US are served free in the US
B. More Americans than Asians suffer from food insecurity
C. Both urban and rural people in America receive food stamps
All the above
Circle ALL answers that apply. The following are goals of US agriculture policy:
a. agricultural research
b. farm safety nets
c. foreign assistance
d. nutrition assistance
e. rural development
f. soil conservation
Subsidies are generally palatable when they promote special interests.
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding subsidies?
About 76% of the projected $428 billion dollars is for nutrition assistance
Which ONE of the following statements is TRUE regarding the 2018 Farm Bill?
They account for less than half of all the US school meals
Which of the following statements about the school breakfast and lunch programs is FALSE?
The average American spent more than 3/4 of their household budget on food in 1900
Which of the following statistics is FALSE?
Both A and B only
What can you reasonably conclude from the two statements below?
#1: AR, LA, MS, and TX have high rates of SNAP participation
#2: AR, LA, MS, and TX have high rates of adults with 30+ BMIs
The second ingredient in Prego, after tomatoes, is olive oil
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the optimization of food products?
All of the above
Policy approaches to the obesity epidemic should involve which of the following?
A. Processes that allow for experimentation, evaluation, and adaptation
B. Recognition of the complex social and environmental causes
C. Recognition of the co-occurrence of poverty and obesity
D. Respect for individual choice as well as social responsibility
The decision potentially shifts the burden of responsibility
In the controversy surrounding the American Medical Association’s decision to define obesity as a disease, both sides use which of the following in their argument?
All of the above
At what stage(s) in the food system do we see concentration and consolidation?
Production
Processing
Access
All of the above
Examples of the increasingly concentrated and consolidated food system include the following:
IA hogs
NY dairy
CA fruits and vegetables
US poultry
True
T/F: In most US sectors, the four largest firms control about 40-45% of the market
True
T/F: In the food sector, the four largest firms control a much greater share
True
T/F: Meat processing and packing is an especially consolidated industry
True
T/F: American grocery stores are an example of the access stage in the food system
True
T/F: American grocery stores are an example of consolidation in the food system
True
T/F: American grocery stores are an example of offering the illusion of choice
It presents a risk of increasing worker wages
The Federal Trade Commission seems to be leaning toward challenging the Kroger/ Albertons merger in court (as of early October 2023) for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
Resourcefulness
USAID is criticized for all of the following reasons except
