Multiple Choice Flashcards
Which of the following ideas is central to the BSC?
a. vicariance
b. sexual selection
c. divergent phenotypes
d. reproductive isolation
e. distinct lineages
Reproductive isolation
-BSC: requires biologists to make judgements about whether such species would interbreed if they had contact under natural conditions
-BUT there are limitations: Allopatric species / Extinction / Asexual
Phylogenetic species concept (PSC) emphasizes species as outcome of evo.
Which of the following observations about a population would not violate assumptions of the H-W law?
A. UV radiation induces new mutations at a high frequency
B. Individuals migrate from nearby populations but die prior to breeding
C. Cold tolerance differs by genotype and the population experiences a frost
D. Inbreeding is present
E. The population size is smaller than 30 individuals
B. Individuals migrate from nearby populations but die prior to breeding
What is the most likely explanation for the very low fecundtiy of species such as whales, humans, and elephants?
High investment in parental care
Because increased fecundity means increased fitness, we might expect to observe the evolution of ever-increasing fecundity, but this is not the case. Which reason for lower-than-expected fecundity is most plausible?
There are allocation trade-offs between fecundity and other traits
Which of the following is a case of altruism?
A prairie dog gives up a foraging opportunity to keep watch for predators.
Suppose 5 boats are adrift at sea, each one contains a number of your relatives, and you have the power to save one boat from disaster. According to kin selection theory, it would be in the best interest of your genome to save a boat that contains___
one sister, one brother, and one cousin
Upheaval in social groups of lemurs is accompanied by an increase in infant mortality because:
immigrant males maximize their own fitness by killing infants
Which of the following is allopatric speciation?
Evolution of genetic reproductive barriers between populations of angelfish isolated on either side of the Isthmus of Panama
Which of the following is not one of the possible fates of a hybrid zone?
?
Most models of sympatric speciation postulate the existence of:
disruptive selection based on resource use
What is one of the principles of evolution?
Heritable variation can be maintained because of the particulate nature of genes
What are the features of the scientific theory?
Inferences, Hypotheses, laws, observations
Definition of Fitness according to evolutionary biology?
The lifetime contribution of offspring of a particular genotype to a population
What is the most likely result of horizontal(lateral) gene transfer?
The sharing of antibiotics resistance among multiple bacteria species
What is the correct term for a derived, specialized or advance trait in cladistics?
Apomorphic trait
What is a plesiomorphic trait?
Ancestral trait
