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Biology Chapter 1 > Multiple Choice > Flashcards

Multiple Choice Flashcards

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1
Q

Which element makes up the largest percentage of a human’s body weight?
a) Carbon
b) Hydrogen
c) Nitrogen
d) Oxygen

A

d) Oxygen

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2
Q

Which subatomic particle defines the identity of an element?
a) Electron
b) Neutron
c) Proton
d) Molecule

A

c) Proton

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3
Q

The bond formed by sharing electrons between atoms is a:
a) Ionic bond
b) Covalent bond
c) Hydrogen bond
d) Peptide bond

A

b) Covalent bond

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4
Q

Which of the following is a property of water due to its hydrogen bonding?
a) Low surface tension
b) High cohesion
c) Low specific heat
d) It is non-polar

A

b) High cohesion

  • hydrogen bonds btw water molecules create a strong attraction, leading to high cohesion, which is why water forms droplets and has high surface tension
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5
Q

Water is considered a universal solvent because:
a) It dissolves many substances
b) It evaporates easily
c) It has a high boiling point
d) It is non-polar

A

a) It dissolves many substances

  • its polar nature allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar compounds
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6
Q

How many covalent bonds does a carbon atom typically form?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 6

A

c) 4

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6
Q

Which functional group is found in both amino acids and fatty acids
a) Carboxyl (-COOH)
b) Hydroxyl (-OH)
c) Phosphate (-PO4)
d) Carbonyl (-C=O)

A

a) Carboxyl (-COOH)

  • the carboxyl group is part of the structure that defines the amino acid, and in fatty acid, its what makes the molecule an acid
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7
Q

What type of reaction breaks down polymers into monomers?
a) Condensation
b) Hydrolysis
c) Dehydration synthesis
d) Ionic bonding

A

b) Hydrolysis

  • in hydrolysis, water is added to break the bonds btw monomers, splitting the polymer!
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8
Q

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
a) Glucose
b) Sucrose
c) Lactose
d) Starch

A

a) Glucose

  • sucrose and lactose are disaccharides
    starch is a polysaccharide
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9
Q

Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
a) Glucose
b) Cellulose
c) Sucrose
d) Fructose

A

b) Cellulose

  • cellulose is a complex carbohydrate made up of long chains of glucose monomers
  • glucose & fructose are monosaccharides
    sucrose is a disaccharide
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10
Q

The primary function of carbohydrates in living organsims is:
a) Information storage
b) Energy storage
c) Structural support
d) Cell signalling

A

b) Energy storage

  • carbohydrates serve as a key source of energy, providing for cellular processes, main role is energy!!
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11
Q

Lipids are:
a) Soluble in water
b) Hydrophobic
c) Polar molecules
d) The main component of nucleic acids

A

b) Hydrophobic

  • lipids do not mix well with water
  • they are primarily non-polar molecules important for storing energy, forming cell membranes, and serving functions
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12
Q

The primary structure of proteins is:
a) 3D shape of protein
b) Sequence of amino acids
c) Folding of the polypeptide chain
d) Interactions between polypeptide chains

A

b) Sequence of amino acids

  • sequence determines the proteins specific characteristics and its function
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13
Q

Which of the following is NOT a lipid?
a) Triglyceride
b) Phospholipid
c) Glycogen
d) Cholesterol

A

c) Glycogen

  • glycogen is a polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals, while triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol are lipids
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14
Q

A disaccharide is formed by joining:
a) Two proteins
b) Two amino acids
c) Two monosaccharides
d) Two nucleotides

A

c) Two monosaccharides

  • process involves dehydration reaction, where a water molecule is removed to form the bond btw the 2 sugar molecules
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15
Q

Which molecule is a major component of the cell membrane?
a) Phospholipids
b) Nucleic acids
c) Glucose
d) Amino acids

A

a) Phospholipids

  • forms a bilayer that makes up the cell membrane
16
Q

Which functional group is responsible for acidic properties in organic molecules?
a) Hydroxyl
b) Carboxyl
c) Amino
d) Phosphate

A

b) Carboxyl

17
Q

Which of the following molecules is classified as a carbohydrate?
a) Starch
b) Triglyceride
c) Hemoglobin
d) DNA

A

a) Starch

  • triglyceride is a lipid
  • hemoglobin is a protien
  • dna is a nucleic acid
18
Q

Carbon is the backbone of life because:
a) Forms ionic bonds easily
b) It can form up to 4 covalent bonds
c) It is metal
d) It dissolves in water

A

b) It can form up to 4 covalent bonds

19
Q

Which of the following is an example of a lipid?
a) Glycogen
b) Hemoglobin
c) Cholesterol
d) Glucose

A

c) Cholesterol

  • type of steroid

Biology Chapter 1 (3 decks)

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