Multicultural

Question 0

Who developed the nigrescence black identity model?

Answer 0

William cross

Question 1

What is nigrescence?

Answer 1

The process of becoming black

Question 2

What are the stages to Cross’ nigrescence model?

Answer 2

1. Pre encounter
2. Encounter
3. immersion
4. Emerson
5. Internalization

Question 3

In crosses model what is the pre-encounter stage?

Answer 3

It is conformity and other models and where the dereacination happens meaning blacks see being black is an obstacle and strongly prefer the dominant cultures values.

Question 4

What is the second stage in crosses black identity model question

Answer 4

The second stage is called Encounter also known as dissonance and is the second stage which involves conflict between old self-deprecating attitudes and newly emerging appreciating attitudes.

Question 5

What is crosses the third stage in the black identity model?

Answer 5

Immersion-Emersion also called resistance and emersion, there’s generally a strong identification with the minority group, and rejection of the values of the dominant culture.

Question 6

What is the last stage of crosses black identity model?

Answer 6

In the final stage of internalization also called integrated awareness there’s an acceptance and valuing of the self as well as the dominant culture.

Question 7

What is the Festinger and Carl Smith experiment?

Answer 7

One of the most cited in social psychology research subjects participated in a very boring task, received either one dollar or $20, and I have to tell subsequent participants that the task was interesting.

Question 8

What was the Schacter and Simger study?

Answer 8

In this study they look at the cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state. In this study subjects received injections of epinephrine and rather informed accurately, inaccurately, I’ll given no information about the effects of the epinephrine.

Question 9

What is a culturally encapsulated therapist?

Answer 9

I therapist who tends to make inappropriate generalizations about a particular group of clients based on race or culture.

Question 10

What does the research show on crowding? (Gender, arousal, culture, noise, temperature)

Answer 10

Men are generally more affected by crowding them women. Crowding tends to heighten overall arousal for both positive and negative emotions. Variables such as noise and temperature do influence the effects of crowding. Cultural variables also significantly influence Crowding effects in that culture helps determine the amount of personal space with which an individual feels comfortable.

Question 11

Individual behavior is highly influenced by what regarding it’s group or cohort?

Answer 11

Individual behavior is highly influenced by the informal norms of the group. Also research is shown that unfortunately increasing the person factual knowledge is not a potent motivator for change.

Question 12

What is legitimate power?

Answer 12

Following the clinic directors advice given the directors at the type at the top of the clinics hierarchy

Question 13

What is coercive power?

Answer 13

Following your supervisors instruction would be an example of colors of power if the decision redo the interns fear of a bad evaluation

Question 14

What is of referent power?

Answer 14

Identifying with someone you like and consider a role model. It is about being trusted and respected and we gain reference power when others trust what we do and respect as for how we handle situations.

Question 15

What is reward power?

Answer 15

We were powers conveyed the rewarding individuals for compliance with one one’s wishes

Question 16

What is expert power?

Answer 16

Expert power comes from one’s experiences, skills or knowledge. As we gain experience in particular areas, and become thought leaders in those areas, we begin to gather expert power that can be utilized to get others to help us meet our goals.

Question 17

What is Sue and Sue’s model of racial cultural identity development? How many stages are there? What are they?

Answer 17

CDRI

1. Conformity, the minority person unequivocally prefers the dominant cultures values over his or her own.
2. Dissonance, the minority person becomes increasingly aware that not all values of dominant culture are beneficial, and certain aspects of minority culture began to have a peel.
3. Resistance an emergency, the tides turn in the minority person tends to endorse minority health views and rejects the dominant values of society and culture.
4. Introspection involves a deeper analysis of attitudes and feelings. During the final stage the person can appreciate unique aspects of his or her own culture as well as those of the dominant culture.

Question 18

What is a group norm?

Answer 18

The group norm is a standard of behavior that could members follow. It can be formally initiated by a leader or it can be informally emerge from the members behavior.

Question 19

What is a group task?

Answer 19

The group task is a specific assignment given to a group. Sometimes of group tasks include conjunctive, disjunctive, an additive.

Question 20

What is a group expectation?

Answer 20

Is the expectations in a group house or expectations that others have for the group

Question 21

What is social facilitation?

Answer 21

Social facilitation refers to the tendency to perform better on simple, overlearned tasks when one is in the presence of others.

Question 22

What is the solution to social loafing?

Answer 22

Making individuals more accountable for their contributions.

Question 23

What is a conjunctive task?

Answer 23

When the groups overall functioning is affected by the least effective member e.g. the one who makes the most errors. Group rewards would be inappropriate for this problem

Question 24

What is Wierner's theory and what does it address?

Answer 24

Wieners theory addresses the stability and instability of internal and next journal factors.

Question 25

What is self perception theory?

Answer 25

It focuses on people's tendencies to look outside of the self when they don't know the cause of their own behavior.

Question 26

What is Sherif's findings in the robbers cave study?

Answer 26

That decreasing hostility between two opposing factions was helped by the introduction of a superordinate goal a goal that can only be achieved with the cooperation of both factions.

Question 27

What is reciprocity hypothesis?

Answer 27

It states that people tend to like others who liked them.

Question 28

What is the matching hypothesis?

Answer 28

It proposes that people approximately equal physical attractiveness are likely to select each other.

Question 29

What is the similarity hypothesis?

Answer 29

It posits that people similar to each other as an age race or religion tend to form intimate relationships.

Question 30

What are idiosyncrasy credits?

Answer 30

Idiosyncrasy credits referred to a groups tolerant of an individual disregard for group norms. They can be earned by initially conforming to the group norms.

Question 31

What are Yalom's on the three stages to group formation?

Answer 31

Forming or has a temperature dissipation, a search for meaning, and dependency. The second stage is storming which includes conflicts, efforts of dominance, and rebellion against the leader. The third stages nor me which is marked by the development of cohesiveness.

Question 32

What is the approach – approach conflict?

Answer 32

I'm conflict in which the person must choose between two desirable alternatives and subsequent to choosing, slightly devalues the alternative not chosen.

Question 33

What is the approach avoidance conflict?

Answer 33

And approach avoidance conflict the individual is both Drawn to and repelled by the same alternative. (Like Mark)

Question 34

What is the self-serving bias?

Answer 34

In the self-serving bias we predict the kinds of attributions we make our successes I do to enter not to be oceans versus our failures which are due to external attribution.

Question 35

What is the reciprocity hypothesis?

Answer 35

It explains how people choose their mates.

Question 36

What is social comparison theory?

Answer 36

Social comparison theory suggests that when standards are ambiguous and subjective like for example professionalism we compare ourselves to others usually but not always though slightly above us, which is what the intended in this example.

Question 37

What is the fundamental attribution error?

Answer 37

It is the tendency for people to make dispositional attributions about others behavior.

Question 38

What is observational learning and who created it.?

Answer 38

This comes from Bandura's social learning theory

Question 39

What is group polarization occur?

Answer 39

When group members make more extreme decisions then they would have individual sleeping

Question 40

What is another word for group polarization?

Answer 40

Response polarization

Question 41

What is Kohlberg's first stage of gender identity?

Answer 41

Gender labeling: children identify others as male or female based on physical appearances such as clothing or hairstyle and do not recognize that gender is stable over time. Thus as physical characteristics change gender changes.

Question 42

What is Kohlberg's second stage of gender identity?

Answer 42

Gender stability: children recognize that gender is stable over time for example boys will go out to be daddies however, there is still some confusion as to whether superficial appearance serves as a way of identifying gender.

Question 43

What is Kohlberg's third stage of gender identity?

Answer 43

Gender consistency: children fully understand the nature of gender as permanent across time and situation.