Multicellular Organisms (Assumed Knowledge) Flashcards
What is the Cell Membrane?
It is the outer membrane of the cell. Has a double layer and controls movement in and out of the cell, acting as a gate.
What is the Cell Wall?
The Cell Wall is Found in plant & Bacteria cells, providing both structural support and protection, and also acts as a filtering mechanism.
What are the three ideas of Cell Theory?
- All living things consist of
one or more cells. - All cells arise from
pre-existing cells through cell division. - The cell is the
fundamental unit of
structure and function of all living organisms.
Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life
functions.
What are unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Unicellular – consist of ONE cell
Multicellular – consist of MANY cells Eg: Plants and Animals
Two types of cells are?
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic cell features
- Do not have
structures surrounded by
membranes - Few internal structures
- One-celled organisms, Bacteria
- No membrane-bound organelles
- No nucleus
- Have less DNA than eukaryotes
- Usually a circular chromosome
- Smaller than eukaryote cells 1 – 10 um
What are Living Things called?
Living things are called organisms.
What are Living Things made out of?
All living things are made up of cells.
What is a cell?
A cell is a tiny volume of a watery fluid enclosed
in a membrane.
What do cells do?
Cells provide the structure and carry out the life processes of living things.
What Seven Capabilities Determine if something is Living?
Movement
Nutrition
Respiration
Excretion
Growth
Reproduction
Respond to Stimuli
List the features of a Eukaryotic cell
- Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
- Most living organisms
What are the difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, are around 1 um, have no membrane bound organelles and are simple organisms. On the other hand, Eukaryotic cells are complex organisms with membrane bound organelles, are larger ranging from 1 - 100um and have a nucleus.
List the features, functions and location of “Cell Membrane”
Has a Double layer. It is the outer membrane of cell
that controls movement
in and out of the cell. It surrounds the cell.
List the features, functions and location of “cell wall”
It is most commonly found
in plant cells &
bacteria and supports & protects cells. it surrounds the cell.
List the features, functions and location of “Nucleus”
The Nucleus is inside the cell, directs cell activities,
contains genetic material - DNA and is Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane
List the features, functions and location of “Nuclear Membrane”
Nuclear Membrane surrounds nucleus, is made of two layers and has openings to allow
material to enter and
leave nucleus.
List the features, functions and location of “Chromosomes”
In nucleus, Made of DNA, Contain instructions
for traits &
characteristics
List the features, functions and location of “Nucleolus”
Inside nucleus, Contains RNA to build
proteins
List the features, functions and location of “Cytoplasm”
is a Gel-like mixture in the cell membrane that Contains hereditary material
List the features, functions and location of “Endoplasmic Reticulum”
Moves materials around
in the cell. There are two types, the smooth type: lacking ribosomes and the rough type:
ribosomes embedded in
surface
List the features, functions and location of “Ribosomes”
Each cell contains thousands of ribosomes, it make proteins and is Found floating throughout the cell or on other ribosomes
List the features, functions and location of “Mitochondria”
Mitochondria produces energy through
chemical reactions –
breaking down fats &
carbohydrates. It also Controls level of water and
other materials in cell, Recycles and decomposes
proteins, fats, and
carbohydrates. It is often called the powerhouse of the cell.
