Multi store model of memory Flashcards
what are the key assumptions of the multi store model of memory
separate stores
rehearsal is needed to to transfer from STM to LTM
what is the sensory register
all stimuli from the environment for example sound of someone talking pass into the sensory register
this part of the memory comprises several registers (sensory memory stores) one for each of the 5 senses
coding in each store is modality - specific and depends on the sense
example - store coding acoustically - echoic memory
duration - very brief less than half a second
very high capacity
info passes further into the memory system only if you pay attention to it
what is short term memory
coded - acoustically
capacity - 18 seconds unless rehearsed
temporary store - limited capacity store can only contain a certain number of things between 5 and 9 items
maintenance rehearsal occurs when we repeat material to ourselves over and over again
if we rehearse it enough it passes into long term memory
what is long term memory
permanent memory store for info that has been rehearsed for a prolonged time
coded - semantically (meaning)
duration - lifetime
according to multistore model of memory when we want to recall into from LTM has to be transferred back into STM by retrieval
give one strength of the multi store model of memory
research support
Strength
support from studies showing that STM and LTM are different
example - Baddeley found that we tend to mix up words that sound similar when we are using our STM
but we mix up words that have a similar meanings when we use LTM
clearly show that STM and LTM are separate and independent memory stores claimed by the multi store model
give one limitations of the multi store model of memory
more than one STM store
limitation
evidence of more than one STM store
example - Shallice and Warrington studied a client referred to as KF who had amnesia
KF STM for digits was very poor when read out loud to him
but his recall was much better when he read the digits himself
further studies of KF and others showed that there could even be another STM store for non -verbal sounds
evidence suggests that the MSM is wrong in claiming that there is just one STM store processing different types of information (visual , auditory)
give one limitations of the multi store model of memory
elaborative rehearsal
limitation
prolonged rehearsal; is not needed to transfer to LTM
according to the MSM what matters about rehearsal is the amount of it
more you rehearse something the more likely it is to transfer - prolonged rehearsal
example - Craik and Watkins
type of rehearsal is more important than the amount
elaborative rehearsal is needed for LTM storage
occurs when you link the info to your existing knowledge or you think about what it means
means that info can be transferred to LTM without prolonged rehearsal
suggests that the MSM does not fully explain how long term storage is achieved
