Multi Store Model of Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of model is the MSM?

A

A structural model of memory.

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2
Q

What are the 3 stores of the MSM?

A

Sensory register, long term store and short term store.

STM and LTM are unitary stores

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3
Q

What are the processes involved in the MSM?

A

Describes the process in which info is transferred from one store to another.
Processes are attention and verbal rehearsal.
Suggests that info passes from store to store in a linear way.

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4
Q

How is info initially revieved in the MSM?

A

By the sensory register.

Senses constantly revieve info and sensory memory allows us to retain an impression of a stimulus recieved by senses.

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5
Q

When recieving a visual input, how long does the image remain with us for?

A

approximately 0.5 seconds in a relitavely unanalysed form.

After this any info that is not processed further is forgotten.

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6
Q

What does modality specific mean?

A

the storage occurs within the sensory system that recieved the info. (iconic and echoic memeory store)

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7
Q

Where does some of the info in the sensory store get passed on to?

A

The short term memory if the info is attended to - only some of the info is passed on to the stm sucessfully through attention which allows us to store the info long enough to be able to use it.

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8
Q

How limited is the storage of STM?

A

has a limited capacity of 7 +/-2 and a duration of 18 seconds.

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9
Q

What happens if the info in the sensory register is not attended to?

A

it will be forgotten

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10
Q

Why is info held in the STM vulnerable?

A

It is vulnerable to disruption from internal/ external distractions which can lead to displacement.

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11
Q

Where does the info in STM move to next?

A

LTM

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12
Q

What is the capacity of the LTM store?

A

Unlimited

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13
Q

How does the info from the STM move to the LTM?

A

Through rehearsal which is generally acoustic

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14
Q

What happens if info is not rehearsed?

A

It will decay

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15
Q

What did Attkinson and Schiffner find?

A

The more the info is rehearsed the more likely it is to be retained.

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16
Q

What is a strength of the multi store model in terms of support for separate memory stores?

A
  • psychological evidence that supports the idea of distinct separate memory stores.
  • The different stores are associated with different parts of the brain
  • Study of brain damage patient H.M.conducted by Scoville Milner.
  • Reinforces this idea by finding that removing the hippocampus (Part of the brain associated with long-term memory) reduces seizures.
  • however causes severe amnesia and difficulty creating new long-term memories.
  • Study shows that H.M.we are still able to form short-term memory is in the prefrontal cortex (which is the part of the brain associated with short-term memory)
  • Brain scan evidence using an fMRI scanner has shown and measured that the hippocampus was active when a person was given a task relating to long-term memory.
  • similarly The prefrontal cortex is active when given a task based on short-term memory.
  • supports multi store model as it indicates that when different memory stores are accessed e.g. short-term and long-term different parts of the brain active.
17
Q

what is a limitation of the MSM in terms of laboratory settings?

A
  • tended to rely on evidence of artificial memory tasks in lab settings.
  • individuals are asked to recall artificial stimuli (wordlists, lists of nonsense trigrams).
  • does not reflect how we use our memories in every day situations.
  • supporting evidence can therefore lack ecological validity and weaken the strength of support for the model as whilst we may use rehearsal to create long-term memory in these circumstances this may not be true and more every day situations