Multi-store model attkinson and shiffrin 1968 Flashcards
when was the multi-store model created ?
1968
how does the MSM model suggest we obtain info from?
stimuli in the environment
what happens once we pay gather info from our the environmental stimuli?
it is transfered to the sensory memory store.
how is the sensory store encoding?
modality specific which means it is based on our five senses; hear, smell, see, touch, taste.
what is the duration of the sensory store?
2 seconds
what is the capacity of the sensory story?
3-4 items
what happens once information is obtained in the sensory store?
if it is paid attention to it is passed into the short term memory store.
what is the STM store’s duration?
30 seconds
how is the STM encoded?
acoustically
how many items can the STM hold?
+7 and -2 items
how is memories in the STM transfered to the LTM?
through rehersal
what is the capacity of the LTM?
unknown
what is the duration of the LTM ?
minuets - years
how is the LTM encoded?
mainly semantically but it can also encode semantically and visually.
what happens if the memories in the STM arent rehersed?
they are forgotten known as trace decay
how does the LTM transfer memories back to STM?
through retrieval
what is repression?
when a memory is not wanted to be remebered so it is supressed in the LTM for e.g. child abuse.
why is the LTM cue dependent?
because it needs cues which are things that remind individuals of the memory for the memory to be retrieved.
what is a study that supports the MSM model?
Glanzer and Cunitz 1966 Carried out a study using word lists.
and found that the first words in a list were recalled well, as were the last words, but that the middle
words were not remembered well.
- They claimed that the primacy effect was because those words had been rehearsed and so were in long term memory.
-The recency effect was because those words were still in consciousness in short term memory, so were recalled easily.
- The middle words were in neither short term or long term memory and so were forgotten.
what is a strength of the MSM?
One strength of the multistore model is that is gives us a good understanding of the structure and process of the STM. This is good because this allows researchers to expand on this model.
what is a case study which supports the MSM of memory?
HM, has marked problems in long-term memory after brain surgery. He has remembered little of personal (death of mother and father) or public events (Watergate, Vietnam War) that have occurred over the last 45 years. However his short-term memory remains intact.
what is the main weakness of the model?
The model is oversimplified, in particular when it suggests that both short-term and long-term memory each operate in a single, uniform fashion. We now know is this not the case.
what is an alternative theory to the MSM?
the Working Model of Memory proposed by Baddeley and Hitch (1974) showed that short term memory is more than just one simple unitary store and comprises different components (e.g. central executive, Visuospatial etc.).
