Multi Store Model Flashcards
What is memory?
Memory is the process by which the mind codes, stores, and retrieves information.
What are the two types of memory?
The two types of memory are short-term memory and long-term memory.
What are the three key aspects of memory?
The three key aspects of memory are coding, capacity, and duration.
What is coding in memory?
Coding is the way information is changed so that it can be stored in memory.
What is capacity in memory?
Capacity refers to how much information can be stored in each memory store.
What is duration in memory?
Duration is the period of time that information can be stored for.
Who developed the Multi-Store Model?
The Multi-Store Model was developed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968.
What is the main idea of the Multi-Store Model?
The main idea is that the human memory system is made up of several distinct and separate stores.
How are memories made according to the Multi-Store Model?
Memories are made sequentially.
What is sensory memory?
Sensory memory registers environmental stimuli.
What happens to information in sensory memory?
If we pay attention to it, it moves to short-term memory.
What is the coding type for sensory memory?
The coding type for sensory memory is iconic for visual and echoic for sounds.
What is the capacity and duration of sensory memory?
Capacity is very large, and duration is very brief, usually 1-2 seconds.
What is short-term memory?
Short-term memory holds information temporarily.
What is the coding type for short-term memory?
The coding type for short-term memory is acoustic (sound-based).
What is the capacity and duration of short-term memory?
Capacity is 7 (+/- 2) items or chunks, and duration is 18-30 seconds.
What is long-term memory?
Long-term memory stores information for extended periods.
What is the coding type for long-term memory?
The coding type for long-term memory is semantic (meaningful information).
What are the capacity and duration of long-term memory?
Capacity is unlimited, and duration is also unlimited.
What is the primary effect in memory recall?
The tendency to remember the first few items in a list better than those in the middle.
Supported by Glanzer and Cunitz’s research.
What is the recency effect in memory recall?
The tendency to remember the last few items in a list better than those in the middle.
Supported by Glanzer and Cunitz’s research.
What does the multi-store model (MSM) suggest about short-term memory (STM)?
The MSM suggests that STM is a unitary (single) store, implying only one type of short-term memory.
What evidence suggests that the MSM is too simplistic?
Research by Shallice and Warrington on a patient known as KF showed separate STM stores for verbal and visual information.
What limitation does the case of KF highlight about the MSM?
It indicates that there may be more than one store for STM, challenging the unitary store concept of the MSM.
How does rehearsal relate to memory according to the MSM?
The MSM posits that more rehearsal increases the likelihood of transferring information from STM to LTM.
What evidence suggests that rehearsal is less important than the MSM claims?
People often recall information they did not rehearse (e.g., swimming) while forgetting rehearsed information (e.g., reading notes).
