Multi Family Res Theory Flashcards
1
Q
Do Smoke Dampers get installed the same as Fore Dampers?
A
NO, you don’t need a sleeve or a break away joint.
2
Q
What is a Woven Valley in roofing?
A
The singles of the opposing sides are woven in the valley
3
Q
What is another name for a low-rise condominium?
A
Three-story walk up.
4
Q
Fire dampers are divided into types. One division is in the type of duct system in which they are installed. If the fire damper is designed to be closed when the fans are running, it is _______ type. If the damper is required to close only when the fans are not running, it is __________ type.
A
dynamic and static
5
Q
Which building, using a multi-equipment configuration, requires a higher than average amount of cooling due to high internal heat and infiltration?
- office building
- two story house
- convenience store
- shopping mall
A
- convenience store
6
Q
When attaching round or oval duct to a fire damper. How many screws are you allowed?
A
22” or smaller up to 3 screws 22” to 36” up to 5 screws larger than 36” up to 8 screws
7
Q
What are the fire ratings and where can they be found on fire dampers?
A
They are ULC tested and stamped on fire damper. Ratings can be 3hr, 2hr or 1.5hr and indicates the duration of the fire exposure.
8
Q
List the ways in which fire dampers can be fastened to the sleeve or the sleeve to the angle.
A
- # 10 screws
- 1/4” bolts and nuts
- 3/16” steel rivets
- 1/2” long tack welds
9
Q
What are 7 multi-equipment system configuration ?
A
- furnace providing HVAC
- fan-coil providing HVAC
- heating pumps providing HVAC
- Boiler providing radiant heat to all levels with ventilation by one or more heat recovery ventilators (HRV)
- boilers providing radiant basement heating with furnaces providing HVAC
- boilers providing radiant basement heating with fan-coils providing HVAC.
- geothermal heat pumps providing radiant basement heating and HVAC
10
Q
What is the function of a roof ventilator?
A
The function of a roof ventilator is to provide a storm and weather poof air outlet.
11
Q
What is the best place to put the roof ventilator in order to maximize its effectiveness?
A
Where it has constant negative pressure.
12
Q
A hole in the bottom of a parapet wall that leads to a conductor head is called what?
A
Scrupper
13
Q
The Alberta Building code will allow a _____ hour fire dampener in a 4 hour rated wall.
A
3 hour fire damper
14
Q
______ and ______ are two zones of multi-family structures that are positively pressurized.
A
Stairwells and hallways
15
Q
What type of duct do you install a Type A Damper?
A
In low pressure duct lines.
16
Q
Smoke dampers can be installed in a continuous duct. TRUE or FALSE?
A
TRUE
17
Q
What are the two (2) main forces that influence natural ventraltion?
A
- Pressures from the wind (wind effect)
- Indoor-outdoor temperature differences (buoyancy effect)
18
Q
What is the purpose of the spring in a dynamic fire damper?
A
They force the damper closed against the air flow.
19
Q
What is an Open Valley in roofing?
A
Where 2 opposing slopes meet there is a 24” minimum width of sheet meeting. The singles are cut away so the sheet metal is exposed.
20
Q
What are 2 types of ground source heat pumps?
A
- Open loop system
- Closed loop system
21
Q
Why are stairwells positively pressured?
A
To provide a safe fire escape route.
22
Q
What is a breakaway connection?
A
A breakaway connection will allow the duct to separate from the damper sleeve or duct if the ductwork should give way in a fire.
23
Q
Smoke dampers have blades of the ________ style.
A
multi-blade
24
Q
What are the main benefits of improving the energy efficiency of a building?
A
The main benefits of energy retrofits are the improve the energy efficiency of your home or business, and improve the occupants’ comfort levels.
25
What is the main function of a heat pump?
A heat pump is an electrical device that's main purpose is to extract heat from one place and transfer it to another.
26
A roof slope is always expressed as a ratio of _____ in \_\_\_\_\_.
rise and run
27
What are the 2 basic types of heat pumps?
1. air to air heat pumps
2. air to water heat pumps
28
Give 3 reasons why roof-mounted HVAC equipment is widely used for commercial structures in multi-equipment configurations?
1. Fresh air ventilation requirements of the occupied space is easily satisfied.
2. Can be serviced without disturbing occupant
3. Does not take away from interior floor space
29
At what size must a gooseneck be before it must be mounted on a roof curb?
A gooseneck must be mounted on a roof curb if it over
1. 250mm (10") in diameter or
2. 250mm (10") in length on a side and is
3. 300mm (12") or taller
30
What will the pressure on the windward side of the buiding be?
Positve
31
In smoke control what is a Pressure Sandwich?
The sequence follows this- 1. Shut down all supply air to zone fire is in. 2. Turn on zone with fire exhaust fans to create Negative Pressure 3. Supply all adjacent zones with maximum air supply and turn OFF exhaust fans. Create positive pressure.
32
Which component of the heat pump makes the change from heating mode to cooling mode?
The 4 way reversing valve
33
What function does an HRV perform?
An HRV is a device that captures the heat from the exhaust air from a building and transfer it to the fresh air entering the building to preheat the air and increase overall heating efficiency.
34
What is a Hook Seam (Loose Lock)?
35
Where would a slip joint be used?
The slip joint is generally used for cross seams on flashing.
36
Ceiling dampers are manufactured differently to protect from both ____ and \_\_\_\_\_.
fire and heat
37
What are 2 types of solar collectors?
1. Non-concencentrating flat plate collector
2. Vacuum envelope collector
38
All roof curbs must be fastened to the decking material.
TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
39
What is Natural Venting?
Natural Venting is the process of supplying and removing air, by means of purposely installing openings (such as operable windows, ventilators and shafts). mixing with the natural forces of wind and temperature-difference pressures.
40
What are the two (2) main purposes for providing ventilation?
* Maintaining occupant comfort
* Maintaining occupant health
41
How is a fire damper installed into a wall?
-All sleeve with made for the fire damper to be installed in. -The sleeve will attach onto the duct line. -Steel angle will be used to attach the fire damper with sleeve to the wall. with No screws into the wall. -With S/D connection.
42
The Alberta Building code will allow a _____ hour fire dampener in a 2 hour rated wall.
1.5 hour fire damper
43
Describe Fan-coils use.
There very common in larger homes. These systems can heat, cool and ventilation that required.
44
When is it permissible to modify a fire damper?
They should NEVER be modified.
45
Descride a Raggle.
Raggle is a slot in a masonry wall.
46
What is galvanic corrosion?
Galvanic corrosion occurs when 2 dissamilar metals are placed in contact with each other in the presence of a eletrolyte, such as salt water, forming a galvanic cell.
47
What is the difference between an open and a closed valley flashing?
With open valley flashing, the underlying flashing is exposed.
48
Name the 3 sides of a roof triangle.
1. rise
2. run
3. slope
49
List the four 4 energy agenciess that are discussed in this module.
1. International Energy Agency
2. The office of Energy Efficiency
3. Climate Change Central
4. Carbon Dioxide Reduction Edmonton
50
What is a Flat Lock Seam?
51
Fire and smoke management systems generally provide what functions?
1. Fire management 2. Smoke control and management 3. Stairwell pressurization 4. Elevator pressurization
52
How are Smoke Dampers actuated?
By an electrical signal that powers a motor to close the smoke damper.
53
What is an example of 1 of the 5 general venting rules?
Greatest flow per square foot of total opening is obtained by using inlet and outlet openings of nearly equal areas.
54
What is a ridge vent?
A ridge vent ia an opening at the highest point in the roof that offers a good outlet for both buoyancy and wind-induced ventilation.
55
List four (4) types of openings used for natural ventilation.
1. Windows
2. Doors (wall openings) and skylights
3. Roof ventilators
4. Ridge vents
56
In which direction should corrugated panels be laid in relation to the wind?
Corrugated panels should be laid opposite the direction of the prevailing winds.
57
What must be done to an opening in steel decking that is larger than 200mm (8")?
All round openings over 200mm (8") in diamter and all rectangular openings over 200mm (8") on any side must be reinforced.
58
List the four (4) types of radiant heat.
1. Perimeter baseboard 2. Wall panels 3. Ceiling panels 4. In-floor
59
What are the 2 advantages of multi-equipment systems?
1. Comfort
2. Efficiency
60
Where is a cricket used?
A cricket or saddle should be provided at the top side (back) of the chimney.
61
What is a Blanket Curtain fire damper?
Instead of a metal curtain, there is a fire retardent blanket and stainless steel spring. Blanket Curtain Dampers have a 3 hour fire rating.
62
How far can a fire damper sleeve expend from a wall on both sides.
-Maximum 6" (152mm) per side. -If a factor built access door is installed, then 16" (406mm) on that side. -The damper should be within 2 " of the corner.
63
What is the most common HVAC equipment configuration for individual suites in multi-family structures within Canada?
Ceiling and/or wall-mounted heat pumps.
64
How much ventilation is required for an attic having a slope of less than 1 in 6?
In roofs that are constructed with roof joints or in which their slope is less than 1 in 6, the unobstructed vent area shall be no less than 1/150 of the insulated ceiling area.
65
What is Stack Effect?
When air movement is a result of temperature difference between the inside and outside, the flow of air is in the vertical direction and is along the path of least resistance. The temperature difference causes density differentials and, therefore pressure differences that drive the air forward.
66
Why are boilers providing radiant heat to all levels with ventilation by HRV becoming more common?
Do to comfort. of in floor heating. The disadvantage is with no duct work there is no why to cool or and humidity.
67
What is the maximum distance a Smoke Damper can be in stall away from a smoke separation wall?
Within 24" (610mm) of smoke wall.
68
What do people prefer do boilers providing radiant basement heating with fan-coils providing ?
They like the in floor heating with the ability to have humidity and cooling
69
Roof dacks are always sloped for the purpose of drainage.
TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
70
When referring to integrated MUA, re-heat can be provided by a(n) ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ ______ .
inline electric heater
71
Define solar energy.
Solar energy is radiant energy that is produced by the sun.
72
What type of roof is this?
Cottage (Hip) Roof
73
C Type Dampers can be ordered in what pressure ratings?
1. low pressure (less than 3" wc) 2. medium/high pressure (3"-10" wc) 3.high pressure (10" wc)
74
List the 5 common seams used in roofing?
1. Lap Seam
2. Hook Seam
3. Flat Lock Seam
4. Standing Seam
5. Batten Seam
75
Fire dampers in the duct line must always be installed in a sleeve.
TRUE or FALSE?
TRUE
76
During a smoke event, a static smoke control system will stop operation of all fans. TRUE or FALSE?
TRUE
77
What is the screw pattern when attaching steel angle to a fire damper sleeve?
Maximum of 8" on center and 2" from the corners on all sides.
78
What is a Closed Valley in roofing?
A the top layer of shingles is cut at the valley on only one side.
79
What is an example of 1 of the 5 general venting rules?
In order that temperature difference may produce a motive force, there must be vertical distance between openings. That is, if there are a number of openings available in a building, but all are at the same level, there will be no motive head produced by temperature difference. no matter how great the difference might be.
80
How do you reinforce a suspended ceiling when a ductless ceiling radiation damper is located?
Wires should be attached at the corners of the supporting grid to the roof.
81
What is the purpose of the fusible link?
To melt at a pre-determined temperature and the damper to close.
82
In multi-equipment configurations, every furnace and fan-coil requires its own \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
return air trunk line.
83
List the 3 forms of solar energy?
1. Direct Radiation
2. Diffused Radiation
3. Aldedo
84
What position does a ceiling radiation damper need to be installed?
Only in the horizontal position.
85
What is an example of 1 of the 5 general venting rules?
In order for the force of temperature difference may operate to maximum advantage, the vertical distance between inlet and outlet openings should be as great as possible?
86
What is a slip joint?
Its genernally used in flashing to connect 2 pieces of sheet metal.
87
When attaching duct to the fire damper sleeve. How many screws are you allowed per side for duct up to 60" by 60"?
2 Screw per side.
88
Which 2 items listed below are NOT of the 4 duct connections for a HRV unit.
1. defrost air outlet
2. exhaust air outlet
3. fresh air inlet
4. recovered air supply air outlet
5. stale exhaust air inlet
6. ventilation air inlet
* 1. defrost air outlet
* 6. ventilation air inlet
89
Zoning helps to eliminate cold and hot areas and gives ______ to the individual living or working in that particular area.
comfort control
90
What is a Batten Seam?
91
What is a Standing Seam?
92
What are the 4 major performance objectives of the building envolpe?
1. Structural integrity
2. Moisture control
3. Temperature control
4. Control of air pressure boundaries of sorts
93
What are the 5 recommendations to achieve a balanced attic ventilation systems?
1. Adequate free area around vent openings.
2. Approximately equal areas of intake and exhaust vent openings
3. Exhaust vents near the highest parts of the ventilated space and intake vents near the lowest part.
4. Continous vents both high and low that allow the system to be effective regardless of wind direction.
5. Design features that prevent rain from infiltrating the attic space or penetrating insulation or structural parts.
94
What function does the building envelope perform?
The purpose of the building envelope is to provide a seperation between the interior and the exterior environments of a building.
95
How is the span measured on a roof?
Span is the distance from one outer edge of a roof to the opposite outer edge.
96
What is an example of 1 of the 5 general venting rules?
Inlet openig in the building should be well distributed and should be located on the windward side near the bottom, while outlet openings are located on the leeward near the top. Outdoor air will then be supplied to the zone to be ventilated.
97
What type of duct do you install a Type B Damper?
General use when duct is less than 12" or less. When there is high air velocities.
98
What type of duct do you install a Type C Damper?
When velocities are medium to high and free are is a consideration.
99
How much bigger do you have to make in a wall to run a fire damper sleeve?
- Minimum is 1/8" (3mm) for every 12" (305mm). - The hole can be bigger than minimum.
100
What is a Lap Seam?
101
What is the purpose of a Smoke and Heat Exhaust Ventilation System (SHEVS)?
To remove the hot gases constantly during a fire.
102
What is an example of 1 of the 5 general venting rules?
Inlet opening should NOT be obstructed by buildings, trees sign boards, etc, outdoor; nor by partitions indoors.
103
How much ventilation is needed for an unconditioned crawl space?
Where an unheated crawl space is ventilated by natural means, ventilation shall be provided to the outside air by no less than 0.1 m2 of unobstructed vent area for every 50 m2 of floor area ( 1 ft2 per 500 ft2 floor area).
104
Describe heat pumps providing HVAC.
They are common in climates where they operate year-round with addition of electric heat or the availability of other backup forms
105
Another name for a ceiling radiation damper in Canada is \_\_\_\_\_\_.
fire-stop flap
106
A fire damper designed for round duct is a \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Type C
107
What should the mazimum width of an agricultural buiding be when considering natural ventilation?
45 feet
108
In a residential forced air system, using zone dampers, where should a bypass relief damper be installed?
Between supply and return air plenums
109
What type of roof is this?
Gambrel Roof
110
What association dictates the construction and installation of fire protection devices?
National Fire Protection association (NFPA). Fire damper designs are tested by the Underwriters Laboratories of Canada. (UL)
111
What happens when ducts are larger than the fire or smoke dampers that are available?
Individual dampers can be combined into a multi-damper assembly.
112
What is infiltration?
How unconditioned air enters a conditioned space
113
How much heavier is preferred for the gauge steps between the sleeve and the duct to which it is attached?
One gauge step heavier than the duct.
114
Fire damper blades can be either the _____ or ______ type.
curtain or multi-blade
115
All of the following are criteria for grille selection when designing an air system for a multi-family structure, except one. Which one is the exception? A. deflection and adjustment B. throw and NR C. volume and velocity D. gauge and profile
D. gauge and profile
116
What gauge of metal do you use when building a sleeve for a fire damper?
At least the same gauge as duct. Preferred is 1 gauge thickness heavier than the duct line.
117
What type of roof is this?
Gable Roof
118
Why is ventilation important in a tightly sealed building?
Unless properly ventilated, an airtight home can seal in indoor air pollutants. Ventilation also helps control moisture is another important consideration for a healthy, energy-efficient home.
119
What happens to a Fire Damper when it has been modified?
Voids the certification. It can not be installed.
120
Which metal has the greastest amount of expansion?
Zinc rolled
121
What are the preferred opening locations when used for natural ventilation?
The opening on the windward side should be located as low as possible and the opening on the leeward side should be located as high as possible,
122
According to NFPA policy, fire rating between units in R-2000 duplexes must what?
Extended into the attic and the soffits.
123
What does BUR stand for?
Build-up roof
124
How many cycles does a heat pump have?
3
125
What sre the 4 factors have an effect on the capacity of a roof ventilator?
The factorts that effect capacity of a roof vent are:
1. Location of the ventilator on the roof (vent locations and termination heights)
2. Resistance it and the ductwork offer to airflow
3. Height of draft
4. Efficiency of the ventilator in utilizing the kinetic energy of the wind for inducing flow by centrifugal or ejector action.
126
What is the difference between a passive solar system and an active solar system?
Unlike a passive solar home, an active solar home uses mechanical equipment, such as pumps and blowers, and an outside source of energy to help heat the house when solar energy is not enough.
127
A dedicated HRV system is used to provide ________ in areas or zones that otherwise have none.
ventilation
128
Why are fire and smoke management systems installed?
-For the purpose of saving lives. -Provide a safe and clear path for evacuation. -Dictated by local code.
129
When must a fire and smoke damper be installed?
In fire rated walls that have penetrated by duct.
130
What are the 3 types of curtain dampers?
1. Type A (blades and frame IN air stream) 2. Type B (blades OUT of air stream) 3. Type C (blades and frame OUT air stream). Round Pipe
131
In low-rise condominiums, access to individual suites is common to a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Hallway
132
What are 4 factors that elevate heat gain in a light commercial building?
1. abundance of windows
2. equipment and lighting
3. infiltration
4. people
133
A damper designed to be installed in a duct with the blades in the air stream is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Type A
134
What type of roof is this?
Mansard Roof
135
Of what metal are the springs in a damper made?
Stainless steel
136
What is the purpose of Flashing?
Flashing protects the exterior joints between horizontal, vertical and cloping surfaces from the harmful effects of sun, wind and water.
137
What will happen to aluminum if it is left in contact with concrete that has a high moisture content?
Aluminum will deteriorate quickly if it comes in contact with concrete that has a high moisture content.
