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Mughals Flashcards

1
Q

Babur reign

A

1526-30

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2
Q

First battle of Panipat

A

1526
Between Ibrahim Lodi and
babur
20,000 soldiers versus hundred thousand soldiers
babur won

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3
Q

kanwah

A

1527
Rana Sanga to drive him out of India

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4
Q

chanderi

A

1528
Medini rao
didnt even use whole army strength

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5
Q

ghagra

A

1529
afghans in Bengal and Bihar
Mohammed Lodi + afghans

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6
Q

Humayun

A

1530 - 1540
1555 - 1556

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7
Q

War against Afghans

A

1533
Mohammed Lodi
humayun lost

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8
Q

chunar

A

1532
sher shah suri
negotiation - showed humayun as weak

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9
Q

gujarat

A

1535
h won
bahadur shah
gujarat - important port

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10
Q

sher shah suri attack on empire

A

1537
advantage when humayun went to gujarat
strenghtened his position
started setting up admin

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11
Q

chausa h

A

1539
sher shah surprised at chausa
h barely escaped drowining - lost

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12
Q

kanauj

A

1540
sher shah
defeated
escaped to lahore - start of exile

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13
Q

1555

A

war of succession was weakened
came back after the death of sher shah and his son - islam

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14
Q

mehedi khwaja

A

baburs brother in law
wanted h off the throne - on brother in laws side

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15
Q

difficulties of humayun

A

no consolidation of power
hostile opposition
political instability
family issues - war of succession
no well organised government
hostility of jagirdars - mirzas were powerful

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16
Q

akbar

A

1556-1606
1. 1556-62
2. 63-85
3. 85 - 1605

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17
Q

maham ananga

A

wet nurse
like his mother
manipulative - wanted adham khan in power

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18
Q

bairam khan

A

father figure
minister
helped akbar alot but eventually gained too much power - bigger house, more money etc - akbar was just the face
removed from power and got killed by afghans

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19
Q

adham khan death

A

1562

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20
Q

shams ud din

A

much more competent and better skilled - replaced adhams position
killed by adham
so akbar killed adham

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21
Q

independant power of akbar

A

1560

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22
Q

conquest of Malva

A

1561
ruled by bez bhahdur - given job in court - showed his graditude and personality and won over many
adham khans betray happens here

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23
Q

second battle of Panipat

A

1556
Hemu and adil shah
Actually fought by Bairam Khan in the name of Akbar
Characterized by valor and strength

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24
Q

marriage with Rajput, Princess of Ambar

A

1562
Start of the Rajput alliance
jodha
tightened bond
reduced opposition
financial rewards

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25
abolishment of taxes
1563 jizya and pilgrim - religious tolerance
26
ajmer
1568 wanted a son salim chisti to get blessing and advice moved to sikri
27
bengal and bihar campgain
1574 daud khan got khutba read sent todar mal fought in monsoon
28
raj mahal
1576 afghans and mughals - daud khan prisioned and executed still didnt control bengal
29
fatehpur sikri
1569 saw it as a blessed place abandoned it due to water shortage tolerant views and interest in literature
30
battle of sarnal
1572 only had 200 horses enemy had 1000 attacked enemy most glorious victories terrain caused enemy to not be able to attack
31
gujarat campaign 2
1573 nobels of gujarat joined together to drive mughals out muhammid husain mirza akbar took instant action - reached in 11 days when it takes 2 months - showed resolve - rise in reputation fastest and most impressive military campaigns in indian history
32
birbal
1586 killed by ambush one of akbars 7 jewelles
33
annexation of kashmir
1586 always unsuccessful in capturing kashmir launched attack lost many soldiers dsheartening ultimately successful in annexing it
34
conquest of odisha
1592 after daud khan came under akbars empire tried for 30 years to expel afghan unable to expel all mirzas and establish governance until akbars passing
35
mansabdari system
1573 based on rank money for treasury large standing army centralised power zat - personal rank, sawar - rank of troops jagirs - land owners
36
how did akbar maintain power
- defining of power and their jobs within the government - mansabdari jagirdari - didnt give anyone more power than he held
37
religious tolerance
abolish taxes sati avant garde way of thinking hindu muslim unity married rajputs - rajput policy
38
ibadat khana
1575 fatehpur sikri where discussions on religons and religous beliefs would be held
39
rebellion of salim
1600 jahangir went to allahbad had coins minted in his name killed abul fazl indulged in opium and alchohol eventually got the crown
40
who was khurram
shah jahan
41
revolut by khurram
1623
42
jahangir
1606-29
43
war with mewar
1605-9 lost - mutual jealousies between officers
44
khusrauhs rebellion
1606 to secure throne blinded - guru arjun dev and raja of mewar killed for helping him
45
deccan campaigns jahangir
1608-21 ahmadnagar malik amber partial success in 17 peace treaty signsed
46
nur jahan
1611-29
47
shah jahan
1629-58
48
rebellion of the bundela rajputs
1628 orccha bir singh dev died 17 - leaving jujhar singh aurangzeb ended the threat and eventually killed him
49
rebellion of khan jahan lodi
1629 deccan very serious mistrusted by shah jahan 2000 men to deccan annex deccan able to capture ahmednagar toll on mughal - peace wanted failed and end deccan campaign demonstrated strain and challanges
50
deccan campaign shah jahan
mahabat khan resistance losses - emperor intervened signed treaty after 4 months resilience, fortitude, costly 2 decades peace in region - focus on the north
51
qandhar campaigns overall
1648-53 uzbek threat - control over qandhar needed ali mardhan khan - bribed my mughals to help them
52
qandhar campaigns 1
shah abas 2 launched seige aurangzeb withdrew - lack of artillery
53
qandhar campaigns 3
dara shukoh tried 70k men lost
54
qandhar campaigns 2
aurangzeb went back with 50k men heavy guns, mortar, artillery malfunctioned called back in disgrace
55
peacock throne
1628 86 lakhs
56
taj mahal
1632-53 50 lakhs
57
red fort
1638-48 70 lakhs
58
total expenses of shah jahan in 28 years
290 lakhs
59
cost of qandhar campaign
120 million rs half the annual revenue of the empire
60
historian for financial crisis
irfan habib
61
debate behind shah jahans spending
to show greatness and his love display wealth and grandeur reassert authority after failing central asia expansion
62
aurangzeb
1658-1707
63
jhujhar singh
1635 loyalty towards shah jahan not A put down raja of orcha in the deccan mughal army defeated
64
deccan campaign aurangzeb
viceroy - order to the area treaty with bijapur promoted to zat 12k and 7k and eventually 1639 - 15k and 9k dismissed in 44 - hostility with dara
65
transoxiana
1645 gujarat murad bakshi failed - 50000 army and wanted to return to india because of the cold weather - came back against orders - dimissed A took over - pray during war cost treasury a fortune - achieved nothing
66
jats
1666 Peasant Conflict over land revenue golka - leader- Captured and executed 20,000 but imperial army beat them
67
santamis
1672 Blacksmith, artisans Disputes lead to rebellion Second rebellion- better organised, but forced to submit
68
reimposition of Jizya
1673
69
shivaji
leader of maraths - significant opposition
70
war of succession - dara and a
1657-66
71
daras mistake
1658 best troops to agra no one to fight against a
72
jaswant singh
wanted allies rana of udaipur also won over by A daras failure to win over important rajputs
73
battle at samugarth
1658 dara + A good generalship equally matched troops 50-60k each A won - better leader Dara - hastly put together army
74
reasons for mughals decline
mansabdari jagirdari crisis aurangzebs rule and personality territorial expansions - failures and expenses rise of territorial power - rajputs, marathas, smaller leaders religious tolerance polcies

History IB HL (4 decks)

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