MTC Lecture Exam 1 Flashcards
Tetracycline
binds small 30S subunit and inhibits binding of aminoacyl-tRNA
Chloramphenicol
inhibits peptidyl transferase activity of large subunit (50S)
can cause problem w/ human mito
Erythromycin
binds reversibly to the large subunit (50S) and inhibits translocation/peptidyl transferase
Streptomycin
inhibits initiation and causes misreading of RNA
distorts A site on 30S
Hemocytoblasts
multipotent circulating stem cells –> produce blood cells
MCV
avg size of RBC, used to classify anemias
RDW
red blood cell distribution width
high RDW associated w/
–anemia
–deficiency (Fe, B12, folate)
anisocytosis
variation in RBC size
buffy coat
WBC + platelets
MCV
Normal
Dec
Inc
Normal: normocytic anemia (renal disease – low erythropoietin/anemia of chronic inflammatory disease)
Dec: microcytic (Fe deficiency, bleeding, thalassemia)
Inc: macrocytic (B12/folate deficiency)
High Hgb
Low Hgb
High: polycythemia
Low: anemia
Hematocrit eqn
RBC x MCV
Thalassemia
microcytic anemia w/ NORMAL RDW
Thrombocytopenia
dec number of platelets
Thrombocytosis
inc number of platelets
Rate of platelet formation stimulated by
thrombopoietin
thrombocyte stimulating factor
IL-6
M-CSF
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
low levels of platelets
easy bruising/bleeding
kolionychia
spoon nails
associated w/ anemia
glossitis
smooth tongue
Fe, vit B deficiency
–not enough resources to make papillae
hereditary tenlangiectasia
red marks near mouth
lose blood
located on mucosal surfaces
associated w/ anemia
what numbers show 3:1 ratio
important when determining anemia
RBC (4)
Hb conc (12)
Hematocrit % (36)
Bacterial infection results in elevated
segs
neutrophils
Infection – elevation of…
bands (immature WBC released due to need)
Left shift
Mononucleosis – elevated levels of
monocytes
atypical lymphocytes