MT3

Question 1

conjugation

Answer 1

the union of bacterial cells during which genetic information is transferred from donor
(F+ or Hfr) to recipient (F-)

Question 2

plasmid

Answer 2

extrachromosomal, autonomously replicating, circular DNA

Question 3

F (fertility) factor

Answer 3

bacterial episome (present on plasmid or chromosome) which allows a bacterial
cell to be the donor during conjugation

Question 4

Hfr (high frequency of recombination)

Answer 4

a bacterial cell in which the F factor is integrated into the
chromosome; during conjugation, the F factor acts as the origin of chromosomal transfer

Question 5

exconjugate

Answer 5

a bacterium that has undergone conjugation

Question 6

endogenote

Answer 6

the endogenous recipient chromosome

Question 7

exogenote

Answer 7

the exogenous donor chromosome

Question 8

merozygote

Answer 8

a cell which is a partial diploid, containing both an endogenote and an exogenote

Question 9

origin of transfer

Answer 9

The fixed point from which DNA transfer begins during conjugation

Question 10

transformation

Answer 10

introduction of foreign DNA material through external application

Question 11

bacteriophage

Answer 11

“bacteria eater”; a virus that infects bacteria

Question 12

lyctic cycle

Answer 12

mode of infection in which the bacteriophage genome enters the bacterium, replicates,
lyses the cell, and progeny are released

Question 13

virulent bacteriphage

Answer 13

a bacteriophage which always completes the lytic cycle upon infection
(unable to become a prophage)

Question 14

prophage

Answer 14

a phage genome which is integrated into a bacterial chromosome

Question 15

lysogenic

Answer 15

the state of a bacterial cell that has a prophage integrated into its chromosome

Question 16

lysogenic bacterium (lysogen)

Answer 16

bacterial cell capable of spontaneous lysis due, for example, to the
release of a prophage from the bacterial chromosome

Question 17

temperate bacteriophage

Answer 17

a phage capable of entering the lysogenic cycle with its host (i.e. a phage
capable of becoming a prophage)

Question 18

transduction

Answer 18

movement of genetic material from donor to recipient through a bacteriophage vector