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World Geography Studying > MT2: Europe > Flashcards

MT2: Europe Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the four peninsulas in Europe

A

Iberian
Italian
Balkan
Scandinavian

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2
Q

What is the North European Plain?

How big is it?

A

the largest expense of flat land on earth.

2500 miles from east to west

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3
Q

What are the three great mountain ranges of Europe?

A

The Alps
The Pyrenees
The Apennines

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4
Q

Name three things the rivers of Europe are used for.

A
  1. It connects countries
  2. It provides drinking water to the people
  3. It provides electricity and power
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5
Q

What is the second longest river in the world?

A

Danube River

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6
Q

How is Europe affected by latitude?

A

Areas south of the Alps have more of a temperate climate then areas to the north.

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7
Q

How is Europe affected by the Ocean?

A

The wind takes on the temperature of the water and leaves a more mild climate with few extreme temperatures.

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8
Q

What climate type is found near the ocean and has mild temperatures all year long?

A

Marine west coast climate.

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9
Q

What climate type has defined seasons and very extreme temperatures?

A

Humid Continental Climate.

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10
Q

What climate type has long summers with very mild winters with little to no snow?

A

Mediterranean climate.

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11
Q

What is the most common vegetation zone is Europe?

A

Forests

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12
Q

Describe a Deciduous Tree.

A

Leaves fall off in the winter, they shed fruit or petals after flowering.

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13
Q

Describe a Coniferous Tree.

A

Trees with needles that don’t shed in the winter, cone-bearing seed.

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14
Q

What is a mixed forest?

A

A forest with 2 or more types of trees.

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15
Q

What has happened to the forest of Europe?

A

They have been cleared for agriculture, timber, and fuel.

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16
Q

What are the three language families do most European families belong to?

A

Romantic, Germanic, Slovic

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17
Q

What were the first two great civilizations of Europe? (include years)

A

Greece 700’s B.C.

Rome 500’s B.C

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18
Q

How were nations formed?

A

People focused on their faith.

Renaissance period.

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19
Q

What were two things that happened during the Industrial Revolution? When did it start?

A
  1. Moved production of goods into factories.
  2. machines took over work by hand
    It started during the 1700’s
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20
Q

What has happened to the population of Europe?

A

It has stopped growing.

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21
Q

What is a birth rate?

A

The number of births per 1000 people.

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22
Q

________ is the main religion is Europe.

A

Christianity

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23
Q

Name a few products manufactured in Europe.

A

Stereos, Furniture, Dishes, Silverware, Steel, Cars, Electronics, Watches, Chocolate, Medicine

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24
Q

What is commercial farming? Where is it?

A

Commercial farming is farming for your city and not just farming to sustain your family.
Farms are spread out along river valleys and across the North European Plain.

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25
Q

In Scandinavia ______ and _______ are big industries.

A

Fishing and Forestry.

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26
Q

What is a subway?

A

An underground electric railroad.

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27
Q

What is a tunnel shield?

A

A protective structure used during the making of a tunnel so the ground above is supported.

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28
Q

What is a supranational organization?

A

A form of government that stands above the countries involved governments.

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29
Q

When did WWI start? How long did it last?

A

1914, 4 years

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30
Q

Who came up with the idea of a united Europe?

A

Robert Schuman from France.

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31
Q

What is the common currency of Europe?

A

The Euro

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32
Q

How many members are apart of the European parliament?

A

700, it is the largest branch of the government.

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33
Q

T/F European Union countries do not have to carry out EU decisions when they disagree.

A

False. If you join the EU you have to do what they say.

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34
Q

Define centripetal force.

A

The force that brings people of the EU together.

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35
Q

Define centrifugal force.

A

The force that pulls people of the EU apart

36
Q

What is a common market?

A

When countries reduce or remove trade barriers such as tariffs.

37
Q

What is a trade bloc?

A

When a group of countries that act together to increase their influence over world trade.

38
Q

Define diversity.

A

refers to all the ways in witch people are different to one another.

39
Q

What is a demography?

A

The study of human populations: how they change due to births, deaths, aging, and migration.

40
Q

Define total fertility rate.

A

The average number of kids a woman will have in her lifetime given a population. varies from country to country.

41
Q

Define life expectancy.

A

The average age for a person in a given population can expect to live to. Varies from country to country.

42
Q

What is the capital of Austria?

A

Vienna

43
Q

What is the capital of Belgium?

A

Brussels

44
Q

What is the capital of Denmark?

A

Copenhagen

45
Q

What is the capital of Finland?

A

Helsinki

46
Q

What is the capital of France?

A

Paris

47
Q

What is the capital of Germany?

A

Berlin

48
Q

What is the capital of Greece?

A

Athens

49
Q

What is the capital of Iceland?

A

Reykjavik

50
Q

What is the capital of Ireland?

A

Dublin

51
Q

What is the capital of Italy?

A

Rome

52
Q

What is the capital of Netherlands?

A

Amsterdam

53
Q

What is the capital of Norway?

A

Oslo

54
Q

What is the capital of Portugal?

A

Lisbon

55
Q

What is the capital of Spain?

A

Madrid

56
Q

What is the capital of Sweden?

A

Stockholm

57
Q

What is the capital of Switzerland?

A

Bern

58
Q

What is the capital of the United Kingdom?

A

London

59
Q

What is the capital of Albania?

A

Tiranë

60
Q

What is the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina?

A

Sarajevo

61
Q

What is the capital of Bulgaria?

A

Sofia

62
Q

What is the capital of Croatia?

A

Zagreb

63
Q

What is the capital of Czech Republic?

A

Prauge

64
Q

What is the capital of Hungary?

A

Budapest

65
Q

What is the capital of Macedonia?

A

Skopje

66
Q

What is the capital of Poland?

A

Warsaw

67
Q

What is the capital of Romania?

A

Bucarest

68
Q

What is the capital of Slovak Republic?

A

Bratislava

69
Q

What is the capital of Slovenia?

A

Ljubljana

70
Q

What is the capital of Serbia?

A

Belgrade

71
Q

What is a dependency ratio?

A

The number of old and young dependents who don’t work compared with the working-age population. The higher the ratio the more young and old people the workers have to support.

72
Q

What is a population pyramid?

A

A graph that shows the ages and genders of in a population with the youngest ages shown at the bottom and the oldest at the top

73
Q

What is a pension?

A

a regular payment made during a person’s retirement from an investment fund to which that person or their employer has contributed during their working life.

74
Q

Define replacement rate.

A

The total fertility rate needed for a population to replace itself. It varies by country but is on average about 2.1.

75
Q

Define transboundary pollution.

A

Pollution that starts in one country and crosses boundaries into other countries usually by wind or water

76
Q

How does pollution occur?

A

Pollution occurs when a dangerous substance, such as certain chemicals, enter the air, water, or soil.

77
Q

What happened in Chernobyl on April 25, 1986?

A

An explosion happened at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The wind took the radiation to places thousands of miles away.

78
Q

What is the major cause of air pollution today?

A

Exhaust from cars and factories.

79
Q

What was the major cause of pollution 100 years ago?

A

When people burned coal to heat their homes.

80
Q

The Black Triangle is part of which 3 countries?

A

Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic.

81
Q

Why is it called the Black Triangle?

A

It is called the Black Triangle because many factories there burn lignite coal. This coal has a soot cloud that hangs over the area and gives it the nickname the Black Triangle.

82
Q

When lignite coal burns what two chemicals does it give off?

A

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

83
Q

What happens when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides mix with water?

A

Acid rain.

84
Q

What do smokestack scrubbers do?

A

chemically remove the sulfur dioxide from the gasses leaving the smokestacks.

85
Q

Why do mining companies use cyanide?

A

To remove gold from less valuable rock.

86
Q

Why did the effects of cyanide not last very long in the Danube river?

A

Cyanide breaks down in the sunlight and because of this by the time it got to the Danube, it wasn’t strong enough to hurt the fish.

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