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NURS112 > MT2 > Flashcards

MT2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the SIRS criteria?

A
  • 2 or more:
    • temp >38.5C or <35C
    • HR >90
    • RR>20 or PaCO2 <32
    • WBC >12000, <4000, or >10% Bands
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2
Q

What is an alarming creatinine change?

A

increase of 0.5 or more

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3
Q

What do you monitor if patient is on Heparin? What is antidote?

A

PTT

Protamine Sulfate

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4
Q

What do you monitor if pt is on Coumadin?

A

PT/INR

Vita K

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5
Q

What does metformin do?

A
  • controls glucose level
  • can cause diarrhea, abdominal discomfort
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6
Q

What do beta-blockers do?

A
  • reduces heart work and cardiac output
  • lowers BP
  • reduces demand for O2
  • treats HTN/chest pain
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7
Q

What is the antidote for Benzo?

A
  • Flumazainyl
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8
Q

Antidote for Norco?

A

Norcan

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9
Q

What does advair do?

A
  • Fluitcasone & Salumetrol
  • brochodilator and coritcosteriod
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10
Q

What is glipizide?

A

controls BG levels by helping pancrease produce insulin

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11
Q

What does quinapril do?

A
  • Treats HTN/ Heart failure
  • ACE inhibitor
  • may cause light-headedness, little to no voiding
    • monitor BP/HR
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12
Q

What does lipitor do?

A

Decreases LDL and triglycerides in blood

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13
Q

What does Reglan do?

A
  • speeds up rate stomach empties into intestines
  • treats heartburn and helps with N/V
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14
Q

What side of brain is responsible for speech?

A

Left

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15
Q

Why do we monitor BS when a pt comes in for suspected stroke?

A

Hypoxemia can mimic stroke

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16
Q

What are the warning signs of a Stroke?

A
  • Aphagia (speech problems)
  • Vision problems
  • ataxia or problems w/ certain side of the body
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17
Q

What is the scale for eye opening category of the GCS?

A
  1. none
  2. pain
  3. speech
  4. spontaneous
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18
Q

What is the scale for the GCS speech category?

A
  1. none
  2. incomprehensible sounds
  3. inappropriate words
  4. confused
  5. oriented
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19
Q

What is the scale for the GCS motor response category?

A
  1. flaccid
  2. abnormal extension (decerebrate)
  3. abnormal felxion (decorticate)
  4. flexion withdrawal (pull away from pain)
  5. localizes pain
  6. obeys command in ANY extremity
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20
Q

When do you notify the physician when observing the GCS?

A

If there has been a change in 2 points

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21
Q

What is the time frame for interventions with stroke?

22
Q

When do you treat a PT w/ a stroke that has a high BP?

A
  • Ischemic
    • Giving TPA
      • Must treat BP >185/110
    • If not giving TPA
      • treat >200/100
  • Hemorrhagic
    • Treat BP if it is >160/90
23
Q

Whats the criteria for TPA qualifaction?

A
  • 3 hour since onset
  • no recent trauma or surgery
  • no recent homorrhage or coag therapy (warfarin INR >1.7, plts <100000)
  • no HTN (>185/110)
  • no seizures
24
Q

What is the TPA dosage?

A
  • .9mg/kg
  • give 10% bolus followed by 90% infusion
  • max 90mg
25
Q

How often do you assess during and after TPA infusion?

A
  • During: q15 mins
  • Post
    • q 15 for 2 hrs
    • q 30 mins for 6 hrs
    • q 1 hour for 16 hrs
26
Q

What are the clinical presentations of a middle CEREBRAL artery stroke?

A
  • Contralateral
    • Hemiparesis/-plegia
    • Hemisensory loss
    • visual field loss
  • Dominant hemisphere - aphasia
  • Non-dominant - neglect, flat affect
27
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of an anterior CEREBRAL artery stroke?

A
  • Contralateral hemiparesis in distal areas (legs)
  • numbness, tingling, loss of sensation
  • aphasia
  • Contralateral blurring or indistinct in one side of field of vision in both eyes
  • ipsilateral monocular blindness
28
Q

What are the symptoms of CEREBELLAR stroke?

A
  • Truncal and gait ataxia
  • ipsilateral
    • limb ataxia
    • facial weakness and sensory loss
    • gaze paresis
  • small reactive pupils
29
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of a brainstem stroke?

A
  • Quadriparesis or contralateral hemiparesis
  • coma
  • horizontal gaze paresis
  • hyperthermia, hyperventilation
30
Q

Why would you want sodium levels above normal?

A
  • low sodium can cause seizure
  • BP can increase and pull edema from brain into vessels
31
Q

What meds can alter neuro?

A
  • BP meds
  • Insulin
  • Narcotics
  • Benzodiazipines
32
Q

If a patient is aphasic, where is the site of injury most likely?

A
  • damage in left temporal lobe near Wornicke’s area or Broca’s area
33
Q

What two drugs should you avoid in the elderly that can affect their neuro?

A

Adavan and pepcid

34
Q

What is dopamine responsible for?

A
  • movement
  • balance
  • walking
35
Q

What are ways to medically manage parkinson’s?

A
  • Providing dope to basal ganglia
    • Sinemet (levodopa +carbidopa)
  • Block acetylcholine release
  • thalamotomy
  • deep brain stimulation
36
Q

How do you compute CO?

A

CO=SV x HR

37
Q

What Calcium Channel Blockers are most widely used for HTN treatment?

A

Amlodipine and Cardiezem

38
Q

What is the Frank Starling Mechanism?

A

Increase stretch of Cardiac muscle = Increase force of contraction

39
Q

Normal Cl value?

40
Q

Normal serum CO2

41
Q

Normal Ca level?

42
Q

Normal triglyceride level

43
Q

Normal WBC level?

44
Q

Normal HGB level?

45
Q

Normal HCT level?

46
Q

Normal PLT level?

47
Q

Normal PTT?

48
Q

Normal PT?

49
Q

Normal HCO3

NURS112 (5 decks)

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