MT2 Flashcards
These are included in the DSM 5 for hate crime statuses on the federal level:
sexual and gender identity
The type of immunity that results after exposure to the rabies virus and its
subsequent set of immunizations is called:
artificially acquired passive immunity
Obsessive compulsive disorder is a type of __ disorder
-anxiety
Delusions and hallucinations are diagnostic for
schizophrenia
Unusual sensory experiences such as hearing voices is a
hallucination
What approximate percentage of people arrested in the US for homicide and
assault test positive for illicit drug use
50%
The type of immunity that occurs after an immunization is called
artificially
acquired active immunity
At what age is the average individual considered an addict if he/she begins using
drugs early in life
18
The use of which drug is associated with teeth clenching
ecstasy
Anything foreign to the body that results in the formation of an antibody or
specialized T cell is an
antigen
The antibody molecule that is the first responder to an antigen is-
IgM
One of the most abused drugs among high school seniors is
OTC cough syrup
a maladaptive pattern of substance use that leads to tolerance and withdrawal
symptoms is
substance dependence disorder
__ allows the clinician to rate the clients overall level of functioning:
assessment of functioning
What percentage of AIDS cases have been linked to injection drug use in the US-
25%
the group that seeks the most mental health treatment is
white females
__ can produce drowsiness, constipation, and depressed breathing:
opioids
__ is the state of successful performance of mental function:
mental health
The current handbook for diagnosing of mental illness is the-
DSM-5
The antigen binding area on an immunoglobulin molecule is the
variable region
The single most common barrier to seeking treatment is:
shame
A change in cognition that has gradual onset and does not improve is:
dementia
A variety of herbal mixtures that produce effects similar to marijuana is:
spice
The antibody molecule that can cross the mucosal epithelium is:
IgA
The __ is where the T cells attach to neutralize the antigen
constant region
The type of immunity that occurs btwn a mother and her fetus is called:
naturally
acquired passive immunity
The Wakefield study was flawed because
all of the above
(NOT sure what the options were)
Treatment expansion under the affordable care and patient protection act is
targeting:
all of the above
(NOT sure what the treatment options were)
The antibody molecule associated with parasitic infections and allergies is:
IgE
Adolescents born outside of the US had a __ rate of alcohol or illicit drug use:
lower
What is the most commonly used drug by children and adolescents:
OTC cough
syrup
__: health conditions that are characterized by alteration in thinking, mood, and
or behaviour
mental disorders
Depression is categorized as a __ disorder
mood
Classification of mental illnesses that cause significant impairment fall under __
of the previous handbook
axis I
What is the drug of exchange at the end of the heroin highway
cocaine
a rapidly growing population with a unique set of mental health issues are:
returning military personnel
alcohol __ is a pattern to drinking that results in harm to ones health as tolerance
requires more alcohol over time to be consumes thus causing greater physical
damage
abuse
__ is the term that refers collectively to all diagnosable mental disorders
mental
illness
Trichotillomania involves
pulling out hair and eating it
Hypochondriasis is a type of __ disorder
somatoform
Which drug originally was designed as an IV anesthetic but was later
discontinued due to harmful effects which mimicked schizophrenia?
phencyclidine
Suicide rates are highest in the:
older white males
What neurotransmitters in the brain are affected by alcohol and other drugs:
both of the above (serotonin and dopamine)
The antibody molecule that has the highest circulating level is:
IgG
__ is the leading preventable cause of disease in the US
tobacco
What age group has the highest rates of drug use in the US
18-25
GHB and Rohypnol have an _______ effect
Sedating
_____ adolescents had the lowest use of alcohol or illicit drugs
Asian
Users may experience 12 hour “trips” of delusions and hallucinations when taking _______
LSD
Managed care pays for how many days of inpatient treatment for substance abuse on average?
7 days
Mental health involves the interaction of social, environmental, and _____ factors throughout the lifespan
Genetic
Adolescents believe that prescription drugs are _____ than street drugs
Safer
A ______ is a false belief that is persistent and organized
Delusion
One of the most abused drugs among high school seniors is
Tobacco
_____ increases body’s temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate to dangerous levels and may cause death
Cocaine
The greatest opportunity to reduce or prevent mental illness is among:
Young people
A period of abnormally elevated or irritable mood is known as:
Mania
Immunization and vaccination are priority areas in healthy people 2020 as demonstrated by:
The goal being set as higher than 10% improvement
What are the three characteristics of non specific/innate immune defences?
- defences against any pathogen
-rapid
-present at birth
What is the main characteristic of specific/adaptive immune defences?
Defences that target a specific pathogen
What is the difference between primary and secondary adaptive immune responses?
Primary= first time immune system combats foreign substances
Secondary= after interactions with the same foreign substances; faster and more effective
What are seven types of non specific defences?
Skin
Mucus membranes
Ciliary escalator
Earwax
Urine
Vaginal secretion
Purging
Describe the following four characteristics of phagocytosis:
Chemotaxis
Adherence
Ingestion
Digestion
Chemotaxis— chemical signals attract phagocytes to microorganisms
Adherence—attachment of a phagocyte to surface of microorganism
Ingestion—opsonization where it makes proteins easier
Digestion—microorganisms that are digested inside a phagolysome
What is the difference between neutralization pathway of humoral response and opsonization pathway?
Neutralization—> neutralizes toxins and viruses and prevents bacterial attachments
Opsonization—> antibodies that facilitate uptake of pathogens by phagocytes
Where is IgD found? Function?
Lymph and blood and is involved as an early antigen receptor on B cell surfaces
What is IG memory?
Ability to adapt via the immune system rapidly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens due to specific antigen lymphocytes (T and B).
After initial exposure, which IG will be most present? After second exposure?
First: IgM
Second: IgG
What is an antigen drift? What is an antigen shift?
Drift: minor change and same as subtype—asssociated with epidemics
Shift: major changes new subtype—associated with pandemics
What is the etiology of Diptheria?
Corynebacterium diptheraie
What is the etiology of pertussis?
Bordetella pertussis
What is the etiology of measles?
Morbillivirus
- What % of people with mental disorders will develop substance disorders?
- HOW much more likely is it for an individual with substance disorders to develop serious mental illnesses?
- How many mental illnesses develop in early life? Children?
- 50%
- 3x more likely
- 3/4 emerge in early life, 1/5 children
True or false:
Early onset and regular weed use is linked to IQ decline
True
Which group of people had the largest alcoholic and drug use in America?
American Indian or Alaska natives at 23.3%
Which American group had the largest binge drinking percentage?
Hispanic/Latino at 29.7%
What two factors have lead to the increase in substance abuse?
- Prescription drugs are increasing for many sources including family medicine, internet and doctors
- Many adolescents believe that prescription drugs are safer to take than street drugs
What is the main effects of ketamine, a club drug?
Distorts perception and produces feelings of detachment from the environment
What is the main effect of GHB and rohylpnol, club drugs?
These are sedating
What is the role of fentanyl?
Powerful sedative drug that treats patients with severe pain or management after surgery, its a schedule II drug
What is the key effects of heroin?
Depresses the breaths, overdose can be fatal
What does the term inhalant effect mean?
Irreversible effects can be hearing loss, limb spasms, CNS system or brain damage, and bone marrow damage
What is the most commonly used illegal drug in USA?
Weed apparently
What are the effects of MDMA?
Stimulant and psychoactive properties
What are the other adverse affects of MDMA?
Nausea, chills, sweating, teeth clinching, muscle cramps, blurred vision and can interfere with the body’s ability to regulate temperature rendering it fatal
What are the effects of meth?
Very addictive stimulant that is long lasting and toxic to dopamine nerve terminals; will increase HR and BP and leads to mood disturbances violent behaviour anxiety confusion insomnia,Ian and dental problems
What are the effects of PCP/phencyclidine?
Intensely negative psychological effects and can be dissociative. WILL MIMINC SCHIZOPERNIA
WHAT ARE the three types of CNS depressants?
Pentobarital sodium
Diazepam
Alprazolam
What are the 3 main CNS stimulants?
Dextroamphetamine
Melthyphenidate
Amphetamines
What country has the highest rate for drug dependency and drug death?
USA
True or false:
Adults aged 25 and over with an advanced degree had the LOWEST (best) rate of binge drinking (18.9%?
True
True or false:
26.6% of adults with SOME college education had the HIGHEST (worst) rates of binge drinking?
True
What is the worst state for binge drinking?
Wisconsin
Which country has the largest alcohol consumption per capita?
Belarus
Which country has the highest motor vehicle death crashes in 2013?
USA
