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F&D > MT1 > Flashcards

MT1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the antalgic posture of a subrhizal disc?

A

-forward flexion

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2
Q

which statement regarding tropism is true?

A

coronal facets are at the L/S junction levels

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3
Q

Over the age of 30, disc herniation is most likely to occur at which level?

A

-L4/5

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4
Q

Back pain is predominant symptom in a patient with a prolapsed disc

T or F

A

false

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5
Q

Choose all that apply, which of the following are clinical findings associated with a L3/4 disc herniation

A

anterior thigh pain and SLR not usually positive

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6
Q

Conservative care is the most successful in which of the following stages of spinal degeneration

A

dysfunction

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7
Q

Under the age of 30, disc herniation is most likely to occur at which level?

A

L5/S1

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8
Q

Concerning the DRG and nerve root, which of the following statement is true

A

tendinitis and myalgia like symptoms may result from NRG/NR irritation

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9
Q

Concerning the IVD biomechanics, which of the following statements is true?

A

compressive forces are better tolerated than torsional forces

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10
Q

Which of the following is likely the most common source of pain arising from the low back?

A

disc

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11
Q

A foot drops (loss of dorsiflexion) is associated with which of the following nerve root levels?

A

L5

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12
Q

Which of the following can be considered a complication of spinal manipulation

A

myelopathy

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13
Q

Your patient has right sided sciatica with minimal LBP, SLR and DTR are normal. Which of the following is a reasonable clinical
impression?

A

facet disorder

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14
Q

Your patient has LBP and LE pain that develops after walking and is relieved by flexion. What is the most reasonable clinical
impression

A

spinal stenosis

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15
Q

A patient with a muscular injury is usually sore in the morning and after rest

A

true

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16
Q

What is the most expensive part of managing chronic back pain

A

disability

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17
Q

Which of the following statements concerning disc lesions and associated nerve root irritation is correct

A

none of the above are correct

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18
Q

Which of the following are positive effects of flexion distraction

A

posterior disc space increases in height

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19
Q

Flexion stretches the ligamentum flavum and reduces stenosis

A

true

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20
Q

A decreased Achilles’ tendon reflex can be associated with a disc herniation at which of the following levels?

A

L5/S1 and L4/L5

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21
Q

Pudendal plexus compression can result in pain in which of the following areas

A

perineal, scrotal and labial

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22
Q

Your patient has an intercrestal line passing through the body of L5. L5 has short TP’s and there’s no transitional segment. In
which of the following spinal levels will degeneration most likely occur

A

L5/S1

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23
Q

Which of the following can be complications of nerve root compression

A

urinary incontinence, interstitial cystitis, bladder dysfunction (all of the above)

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24
Q

Which of the following combinations of forces is most harmful to the disc

A

torsion and compression

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25
Q

Radiculopathy is most closely associated with which of the following

A

inflammation

26
Q

The clinical pattern of an L5/S1 disc herniation includes which of the following findings?

A

calf muscle weakness

27
Q

Flexed postures reduce stress on the facet joints and compress the posterior annulus fibrosis

A

False

28
Q

Which of the following is not a radiographic finding associated with instability

A

hyperlordosis

29
Q

Which order of postures from greatest to least intradiscal pressure is correct

A

sitting, upright, side lying, prone

30
Q

Referred pain is best described by which of the following statements

A

pain that is experienced in an area that shares an embryologic origin with the region involve

31
Q

Most spinal malignancies are primary lesions

A

false

32
Q

Concerning malignancy induced LBP, which of the following is true?

A

PSA levels rise in proportion to the clinical stage and volume of prostate cancer

33
Q

Unilateral or bilateral referral of pain into the lower or upper extremities can arise from within the disc

A

true

34
Q

The nerve supply to the cervical discs is limited when compared to the lumbar disc nerve supply

A

false

35
Q

Which of the following clinical presentations is characteristic of a medial disc herniation

A

antalgia to the side of pain

36
Q

Which of the following findings is the most indicative of sciatica due to a herniated disc

A

non-dermatomal pain pattern

37
Q

Which of the following is not a mechanism associated with cervical spine pain

A

damage to the innervates portions of the nucleus pulposis

38
Q

What are the two basic (common) causes of LBP

A

disc and facet injury

39
Q

Your patient has a short leg on the right. Which of the following statements are true?

A

coupled rotation puts additional torsional load on the disc, joints and ligaments

40
Q

Patients with cervical Spondylosis can have sympathetic like symptoms and or symptoms associated with structures innervates by the sinuvertebral nerve

A

true

41
Q

The plantar surface of the foot and posterior calf are innervates by which of the following nerves

A

tibial portion of sciatic nerve

42
Q

Which of the following procedures do medical providers perceive as effective treatments for acute LBP

A

drugs, bed rest, exercise

43
Q

What minimum percentage of disc reduction is necessary for symptom resolution

A

0%

44
Q

Spinal instability is most associated with which of the following factors

A

disc height loss

45
Q

Malignancies affect the cervical spine more than the lumbar spine

A

false

46
Q

Discs protrude and degenerate into the con cavity of the curve and into the side of extension, lordosis or lateral flexion

A

true

47
Q

A heel drop (loss of plantar flexion) is associated with which of the following nerve root levels

A

S1

48
Q

Which of the following statements regarding load distribution between the anterior and posterior columns in the cervical spine and or lumbar spine is correct:

A

in the cervical spine the posterior columns together bear more weight than the anterior column

49
Q

Spinal instability is most commonly found at which of the following spinal levels

A

L4/L5

50
Q

Which of the following regarding resistance to force is true

A

zygapophyseal joints in the lumbar spine normally bear 10% of the body weigh

51
Q

Your patient has an absent Achilles reflex unilaterally, which nerve root level is most likely involved

A

S1

52
Q

What is the predominant symptom of a patient with a non-contained disc

A

leg pain

53
Q

Flexed posture shares which of the following advantages

A

gives the spine a high compressive strength

54
Q

Which type of physician cares for the majority of patients with acute and chronic back pain

A

family physicians

55
Q

The majority of patients who seek care for back pain chooses a chiropractor

A

false

56
Q

Which of the following is true concerning the differential diagnosis of contained versus non-contained disc lesions

A

there may be no back pain in non-contained disc lesions

57
Q

which of the following statements regarding clinical biomechanics is true

A

radial tears are considered the first signs of disc degenerations

58
Q

At which level of the lumbar spine is shear stress most likely to be the greatest

A

L5/S1

59
Q

Which postures are the most beneficial

A

combinations of alternating varying postures

60
Q

Which of the following structures is the most pain sensitive

A

annulus fibrosis

61
Q

Concerning stages of injury to the functional spinal unit, which of the following is in the correct order?

A

asymmetric disc injury, disturbed kinematics, asymmetric movements of facets

F&D (2 decks)

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