MT Unit 1 Exam! Flashcards
In ancient civilizations, who provided personal care services including massage, in the home?
Slaves and domestic servants
What was a practitioner of sports massage called in the early twentieth century?
Athletic Masseur
In the 1940s, health service operators at YMCA offered massage, hydrotherapy, relaxation techniques, and exercises. What was the overall goal of these services?
Health, fitness, and general well-being
Health clubs today are modern descendants of the ancient:
Greek gymnasia
Traditional Hispanic healers trained by apprenticeship to use soft tissue manipulation in treating the ailment of those in their communities are called:
Sobardoras
In ancient Greece, massage therapy was called the anatriptic art, which means to rub:
Up
In the nineteenth century, who popularized the use of French terminology to describe categories of massage techniques?
Johann Mezger
What organization was formed in England in 1849 to raise professional standards for massage specialists working in the medical field?
Society of Trained Masseuses
Who developed the system of medical gymnastics that was known as the Swedish Movement Cure in the mid-nineteenth century
Pehr Henrik Ling
By the early twentieth century, the Swedish movement cure and massage were so identified together that they became known in the United States as:
Swedish massage
In the 1950s, what term previously used for a legitimate massage establishment became permanently associated with a house of prostitution?
Massage Parlor
According to the Greek geograoher Strabo (63 b.c.e.-24 c.e.), with what did ancient Indian royalty polish and rub their skin?
Flat Sticks
In what decade of the twentieth century was trade between China and the U.S. reopened, leading to an exchange of information about traditional medical practices such as acupuncture and Chinese medical massage (tuina)?
1970s
In the United States in the 1970s a simplified form of massage was developed in California that incorporated simple Western Massage techniques and emphasized sensual aspects using scented oils, candle lighting, incense, and “new age” music. It was called:
Esalen Massage
Todays day spas can trace their history back to the ancient:
Roman Baths
Benedict Lust (1872-1945), who operated the original nature cure resort called Yungborn in Butler, New Jersey, is known as the father of:
Naturopathy
Which of the following describes J. Harvey Kellogg?
Author of the massage classic The Art of Massage: Its Physiological Effects and Therapeutic Applications (1895), Director of the Battle Creek Sanitarium in Michigan, & Developer of cold cereals
In the 19th century, bath attendants were:
Assistants to doctors of hydrotherapy
In the 1800s, what word did the British use to describe the type of massge they saw in India, China, and the Middle East?
Shampooing
In the 1800s, the government of Japan decreed that the occupation of ammashi (massage practitioner) be reserved for:
The Blind
The type of body work given at a Turkish bath by a telltack has been described as:
Pressing the muscles, stretching, and cracking the joints
In the United States in the early twentieth century, the signature massage found in beauty salons was:
Swedish massage
In the United States in the mid-twentieth century, the title as opposed to someone who learned massage by apprenticeship or on the job, was:
Graduate Masseur
In the 1930s, Swedish Masseuses offered massage, as well as nutritional advice, exercise, and the steam room and steam cabinets, in what type of special business?
Reducing Salons
The American Associations of Masseurs and Masseuses, founded in 1943, is known today as the:
American Massage Therapy Assocation
Making your work a high priority and applying yourself to doing a good job are essential elements of:
Work ethic
What is the primary goal of good social skills for massage therapists?
Building good relationships
Which of the following is not considered good manners for massage therapists?
Multitasking while speaking to a client on the phone
First impressions about someone are typically made in about what amount of time?
1 minute
What is the 1st element in greeting clients with confidence?
Make eye contact
Which of the following is usually appropriate for greeting 1st time clients?
Firm handshake for about 3 seconds
“If I understand you correctly, you’re saying…” is a lead-in phrase for what type of listening?
Active
Which approach to conflict resolution is most likely to leave unresolved issues that may grow problematic?
Avoidance
Massage therapists are crossing what type of boundary when they discuss their own personal difficulties with clients?
Emotional
Which of the following is a good grooming practice for massage therapists?
Use of unscented or lightly scented grooming products
Using theoretical knowledge in real-life situations is what type of intellectual skill?
Application
Which of the following is not a description of critical thinking?
Accepting things at face value
The deep awareness of the suffering of another coupled with the wish to relieve it is called:
Compassion
Which of the following would not be found in a definition of massage therapy?
Spinal adjustment
What year saw several advance for massage therapy, including the incorporation of the Massage Therapy Foundation, the founding of the Touch Research Institute, and the inclusion of massage therapy in the National Institutes of Health report on alternative medicine?
1992
Which of the following accurately describes the massage therapy profession today?
Uniquely focused on the use of soft tissue manipulation to improve well being of recipients, rooted in the tradition of natural healing, maintains a holistic and wellness perspective
A term used in education to describe what a practitioner can do with adequate skill, rather than just having completed hours in certain subjects, is:
Competencies
Special recognition given to schools that meet requirements of a nongovernmental organization, whose mission is to uphold high educational standards, is called:
Accreditation
Which of the following are typically considered within the scope of massage therapy?
Joint movements and stretching, hot and cold applications, and use of hand tools to apply pressure
A term usually reserved for a credential given by a nongovernmental, nonprofit organization that attests to a person’s competency in a given profession is:
Board certification
Which of the following is the permission granted to qualified practitioners to accept compensation for massage in a specific governmental jurisdiction?
Occupational licensing
Which organization approves massage therapy continuing education providers?
National Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork
What gives massage its unique healing potential?
Person to person touch
Because massage therapy is performed by hand, it is also referred to as a:
Manual therapy
The three levels at the base of the Wellness Massage Pyramid represent:
Deficiencies
Because massage therapy falls into the categories of service, helping, and therapeutic professions, standards of behavior are:
High
What is the difference between codes of ethics and standards of practice?
Standards of practice are more detailed than codes of ethics
Violations of laws related to professionals are typically determined by:
A judge or by trial
When two or more ethical principles are in conflict, and regardless of your choice something of value is compromised, it is called an ethical:
Dilemma
The ethical decision-making model is best thought of as a:
Logical process
The first step in the ethical decision-making model is to:
Define the ethical question or ethical dilemma
Abiding by local, state, and federal law is considered an:
Overriding principle
Consulting with others when making an ethical decision offers a more:
Objective view of the situation
