MT - Asepsis Flashcards
► Collective vegetation in an area
► Resident flora
► Growth of microorganisms in body tissue where they are not usually found
► Infection
▸ Detectable alteration in normal tissue function
► Disease
►Ability of a microorganism to produce disease
► Virulence
► Transferable to individual by direct or indirect contact
► Communicable disease
►Ability to produce disease
► Opportunistic pathogen
► Pathogenicity
► Surgical asepsis (sterile technique)
► Practices that keep area or object free of all microorganisms
► Practices that destroy all microorganisms and spores
► Used for all procedures involving sterile areas of the body
► Asepsis
►Live on other living organisms
► Parasites
► Most common
► Bacteria
► Primarily consist of nucleic acid
► Viruses
► Yeasts and molds
► Fungi
Types of Infections
► Colonization of resident flora not infection
► Invasion to unprotected area is infection.
► Local infection
► Limited to a specific body part
Notes
► Spreads and damages different body parts
► Systemic infection
► Microorganisms in the blood
► Bacteremia
► Systemic infection resulting from bacteremia
➤ Septicemia
►Appear suddenly or last a short period of time
► Acute infections
►May occur slowly over a long period
► May last months or years
► Chronic infections
► Infections that originate in the hospital
► Nosocomial
►From clients themselves
►Endogenous
►From hospital environment, personnel
► Exogenous
Nosocomial and Health Care-Associated Infections
► Diagnostic or therapeutic procedures
►Iatrogenic infections
► Compromised host
► Poor hand hygiene major contributor
Notes
► Common sources
►Other humans
►Client’s own microorganisms
► Plants
► Animals
► General environment
►Food
►Water
►Feces
Reservoir
► Person or animal reservoir what usually does not manifest any clinical signs of disease
► Carrier
➤ is the state of infection.
Sepsis
► All practices intended to confine a specific microorganism to a specific area
► Limits number, growth, and transmission of microorganisms
► Objects referred to as clean or dirty (soiled, contaminated)
► Medical asepsis
Factors Increasing Susceptibility to Infection
► Immunizations
► Schedule for greatest protection
► 0 to 6 years
► 7 to 18 years
► Adult
► Immunizations can be given later if missed.
Factors Increasing Susceptibility to Infection
► Age
► Heredity
► Nature, number, and duration of stressor
► Nutrition
Assessing
►Physical assessment
► Localized swelling
► Localized redness
► Pain or tenderness with palpation or movement
► Palpable heat in infected area
► Loss of function of affected body part, depending on site and extent of involvement
