M.t Flashcards
Most medical word roots are taken from
Greek and Latin
Ct stand for computed tomography. This term represents a
Acronym
The root pulm means
Lung
Which of the following is a compound word
Cardiovascular
A root with a combining vowel is often called a
Combining form
The fundamental unit of a medical word is the
Root
The root cardi means
Heart
The word muscle comes from a Latin word meaning
Mouse
The correct spelling for a word that means the passage of watery stool
Diarrhea
The root scler refers
Hard texture and the white of the eye
Which of the following has a short vowel
Bet
The ch in the word chemical is pronounced like
K
FBI, which stands for federal bureau of investigation, is a(n)
Acronym
The root myel may apply to the
Spinal cord and the bone marrow
The adjective form of pharynx
Pharyngeal
The word urgential pertains to the
Urinary and reproductive systems
The adjective for thorax
Thoracic
The pn in the word pneumonia is pronounced like
N
Which of the following is spelled correctly
Menorrhea
Which of the following is pronounced with a soft c
Cervical
A compound word has
Two or more roots
An adjective meaning “ pertaining to the terminal portion of the spine” is
Coccygeal
The root in the word neuritis is
Neur
A short word part added after a root is called a
Suffix
The root nephr means
Kidney
The prefix in the word antiarthritic is
Anti
A short word part added before before a root is called a
Prefix
The plural of spermatozoon is
Spermatozoa
The singular of foramina is
Foramen
The singular of meninges is
Meninx
The adjective of sepsis is
Septic
The plural of ganglion is
Ganglia
The prefix in adjacent means
Near
A prodromal symptom
Comes before the disease
Which of the following tissues would be located in the middle
Mesoderm
The last stage of cell division is called
Telophase
An amyloid substance resembles
Starch
A reticulum is a
Network
The term visceral pertains to a
Organ
A group of cells working together for a specific purpose is a
Tissue
Another word meaning anterior is
Ventral
The kidneys are located the peritoneum. They are
Retroperitoneal
The opposite of intrauterine is
Extrauterine
The right and left superior regions of the abdomen are the
Hypochondriac
The chest and lower back are innervated by the Nerves
Thoracolumbar
The superior ventral cavity is the
Thoracic
Celiocentesis is
Surgical puncture of the abdomen
A disease with no known cause is called
Idiopathic
Mycosis is caused by a
Fungus
Round bacteria are called
Cocci
Edematous tissue is
Swollen
The terms purulent and suppuration pertain to
Pus
Streptococci are bacteria in
Chains
The etiology of a disease is its
Cause
A neoplasm that involves connective tissue, muscle, or bone is
Sarcoma
A dermatome is used to
Cut the skin
When tissue is excised, it is
Surgically removed
An ergometer measures
Work
Suturing the stomach to the abdominal wall is called
Gastropexy
All of the following are surgical instruments, except
Diaphorsis
Saw palmetto is used to treat
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
If a drug is contraindicated, it is
Not recommended for treatment
The ods is concerned with
Herbal remedies
Epinephrine , phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine are
Adrenergics
All of the following are abbreviations for drug formulations, except
Mcg
Usp stands for
United States pharmacopeia
An anxiolytic drug
Reduces anxiety
Cardiac muscle makes up the
Myocardium
A septum is
A dividing wall
Systole is the
Contraction phase of the cardiac cycle
Blood leaves the left ventricle through the
Aorta
In an electrocardiogram, the p wave represents
Atrial depolarization
Most lymph is drained back to the heart through the
Thoracic duct
A localized dilation of a vessel wall is a
Aneurysm
Heart rate is set by the
Sinoatrial node
She is
Growth bacteria of the heart
Blood enters the right atrium through the
Venae cavae
Embolism is
Blockage of a vessel
Ischemia is
Lack of blood to a tissue
All of these statements are true, except which of the following
Veins carry blood under higher pressure then arteries
The apex of the heart is the
Lower, pointed region
Downward displacement of the large vessel exciting the left ventricle is
Aortaptosis
The bicuspid valve is also called the
Mitral valve
All the following are correlated with coronary artery disease, except
Plasminogen
The right av valve is
Tricuspid
Which of the following is a congenital defect
Patent ductus arteriosus
A heartbeat that originates outside the sa node is described as
Ectopic
All of the following are part of the hearts conduction system, except
Epicardium
A normal WBC is
5000-10000 per ul
The total adult blood volume is about
5 liters
Intrinsic factor is needed for
Absorption of Vitamin b12
A cancer that mainly affects the plasma cells in the bone marrow is
Multiple myeloma
Protease inhibitors block
HIV multiplication
A band cell is a
Immature neutrophil
Septicemia is
The presence of microorganisms in the blood
A thrombolytic agent acts to
Dissolving blood clot
A symptom of allergy is urticaria which is also called
Hives
An antigen is
Any substance that stimulates am immune response
Segs, polymorphous, and pmns are all names for
Neutrophils
Plasma cells produce
Immunoglobulins
Platelets are formed from
Megakaryocytes
A foreign substance that provokes a host immune response is called
Antigen
A reaction to poison ivy is an example of a
Delayed hypersensitive reaction
The palatine tonsils are in the
Oropharynx
The lungs are directly covered by the
Visceral pleura
Internal gas exchanges occurs between the
Blood and tissues
The pharyngeal tonsils are also called the
Adenoids
Surfactant is a compound in the lungs that
Increases compliance
The tubes that enter the lungs are the
Mainstem bronchi
Receptors for the sense of smell are located within the
Turbinate bone
Phrenicectomy is
Excision of the phrenic nerve
Breathing is regulated by the
Brainstem
The space that contains the heart, esophagus, and trachea is named
Mediastinum
An abbreviation formed from the first letter of each word in a phase
Acronym
A word root combined with a vowel that links the root with another word part, such as a suffix or another root. Combining forms are shown with a slash between the root and the vowel, as in neur/o
Combining vowel
A word that contains more then one root
Compound word
A word part added before a root to modify its meaning
Prefix
The fundamental unit of a word
Root
A word part added to the end of a root to modify its meaning
Suffix
Prim/i-
First
Mon/o-
One
Uni-
One
Hemi-
Half, one side
Semi-
Half, partial
Bi-
Two, twice
Di-
Two, twice
Dipl/o
Double
Tri-
Three
Quadr/i
Four
Tetra-
Four
Multi-
Many
Poly-
Many, much
Melan/o
Black, dark
Xanth/o
Yellow
Outer layer of the cell, composed mainly of lipids and proteins
Plasma membrane
Microvilli
Short extensions of the cell membrane
Nucleus
Large, dark- staining organelle near the center of the cell, composed of DNA and proteins
Small body in the nucleus; composed of RNA, DNA, and protein
Nucleolus
Colloidal suspension that fills the cell from the nuclear membrane to the plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
The fluid portion of the cytoplasm
Cytosol
Network of membranes within the cytoplasm. Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it; smooth ER does not
Endoplastic reticulum (ER)
Small bodies free in the cytoplasm or attached to the ER, composed of RNA and protien
Ribosomes
Large organelles with folded membranes inside
Mitochondria
Small sacs of digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
Membrane-enclosed organelles containing enzymes
Peroxisomes
Small membrane-bounded sacs in the cytoplasm
Vesicles
Rod- shaped bodies( usually two) near the nucleus
Centrioles
Short, hair-like projections from the cell
Cilia
Long, whip-like extension from the cell
Flagellum
Cell division
Mitosis
A part of the body with a specific function, a component of a body system
Organ
A specialized structure in the cytoplasm of a cell
Organelle
Category of organic compounds that includes structural materials, enzymes, and some hormones
Protein
An organic compound involved in the manufacture of proteins within cells; ribonucleic
RNA
A group of cells that acts together for a specific purpose
Tissue
The nitrogen-containing compounds that make up proteins
Amino acids
The type of metabolism in which body substances are made; the building phase of metabolism
Anabolism
The type of metabolism in which substances are broken down for energy and simple compounds
Catabolism
A fibrous protein found in connective tissue
Collagen
The outer region of an organ
Cortex
A complex sugar compound stored in the liver and muscles and broken down into glucose when needed for energy
Glycogen
Between parts, such as the spaces between cells in a tissue
Interstitial
The inner region of a organ, marrow
Medulla
The functional tissue of a organ
Parenchyma
Pertaining to a wall, describes a membrane that likes a body cavity
Parietal
The body
Soma
An immature cell that has the capacity to develop into any of a variety of different cell types, a prescursor cell
Stem cell
Pertaining to the internal organs, describes a membrane on the surface of an organ
Visceral
Toward or in front ( belly ) of the body
Anterior ( ventral )
Toward the back( dorsum ) of the body
Posterior (dorsal)
Toward the midline of the body
Medial
Toward the side of the body
Lateral
Nearer to the point of attachment or to a given reference point
Proximal
Farther from the point of attachment or from the given reference point
Distal
Above, in a higher position
Superior
Below, in a lower position
Inferior
Toward the head
Cranial ( cephalad )
Toward the lower end of the spine ( tail ); in humans, in a inferior direction
Caudal
Closer to the surface of the body
Superficial
Closer to the center of the body
Deep ( internal )
Standing erect, facing forward, arms at the side, palms forward, legs parallel, toes pointed forward; used for descriptions and studies of the body
Anatomic position
Lying down, specifically according to the body resting on a flat surface, as in left or right lateral decubitus, or dorsal or ventral decubitus
Decubitus position
On back, legs bent and separated, feet flat; used for obstetrics and gynecology
Dorsal recumbent position
On back, head of bed raised about 18 inches, knees elevated, used to ease breathing and drainage
Fowler position
