MT #1 Flashcards
Social Psych
Scientific study of how individual’s thoughts, feelings behaviours are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people
attributions?
making sense of the causes of other people’s behaviour
impression formation
combining and using information about a person to form an overall impression of them
impression management
controlling how we appear to other people
Some factors influencing our thoughts/feelings/behaviour
environmental factors (noise, temp, crowds), cultural factors, biological factors, actions of those around us, cognitive factors
Drawbacks to relying on common sense
a. common sense ideas about often contradictory
b. fail to answer ‘why’ questions
c. are not formally tested
Four general codes of conduct
a. minimize harm
b. confidentiality
c. informed consent.
d. debriefing
6 basic emotions
happy, sad, fear, anger, surprise, disgust
display rules
culturally bound expectations about how, when and where emotions should be displayed
Some functions of eye contact:
regulate flow of speech/info, give feedback to the speaker, express emotions, for social control
Some types of touch
Positive affect (affection, reassurance), playful, control, ritualistic, task-related (and negative or aggressive)
Some features of paralanguage
errors, rate of speech, delays, pitch, repetition
Kelley’s Covariation Theory (3 sources of info that we focus on to make attributions internal vs external)
- Consensus (to what extent other people behave in the same way)
- Distinctiveness (extent to which person behaves this way to everyone)
- Consistency (extent to which person always behaves this way)
internal attribution when?
consensus is low, distinctiveness is low, consistency is high,
external attribution when
consensus is high, distinctiveness is high, consistency is high
more likely to make internal attribution about strangers when:
behaviour is freely chosen, socially undesirable (norm violation), produces non common effects
Some types of attribution errors
- fundamental attribution bias
- actor observer effect
- self-serving bias
- victim blaming (just world hypothesis?)
Some explanations for self-serving bias?
self-presentation strategy, we expect ourselves to succeed, maintenance of self-esteem
3 views of ppl as social cogs?
- naive scientists, use reason and logic
- cognitive misers, lazy thinkers
- motivated tacticians: our motivations dictate which strategies we use
3 components to an attitude
affective component
behavioural component
cognitive component
Some reasons for attitudes:
instrumental function, help us hold knowledge about the world, self-esteem by holding attitudes about ourselves and others, self-expression
Theory of planned behaviour:
our attitudes influence our intentions to engage in a behaviour, not the behaviour directly
What determines a person’s intentions?
- attitudes towards a behaviour
- subjective norms (what do we think other ppl will think/feel?)
- perceived behavioural control
