MSS: SKELETAL SYSTEM ANATOMY Flashcards
1
Q
What is an articular cartilage?
A
- Articulates with cartilage from another bone
- Prevents bone to bone articulations & damage
2
Q
What is an epiphyseal growth plate?
A
- Allows interstitial growth in the bone
3
Q
What is interstitial growth?
A
- Growth within
- E.g in the epiphyseal growth plate (linear)
- Allows for increase in bone length
4
Q
What is appositional growth?
A
- New layers of cartilage are added to the surface
- E.g perichondrium
5
Q
What’s the importance of endochondral ossification of the diaphysis of growth plate?
A
- Prevents a large cartilaginous growth plate
6
Q
What are the two divisions of the skeletal system?
A
- Axial skeleton
2. Appendicular skeleton
7
Q
What is the axial skeleton?
A
- Forms the central supporting axis of the skeleton
8
Q
What structures make up the axial skeleton?
A
- Skull, cranium
- Vertebrae
- Ribs
- Sternum
9
Q
What bones make up the appendicular skeleton?
A
- Bones of the upper limbs & pectoral girdle (scapula & clavicle)
- Bones of the lower limbs & pelvic girdle
10
Q
What are the 5 anatomical bones?
A
- Flat bones
- Long bones
- Short bones
- Irregular bones
- Sesamoid bones
11
Q
What are flat bones?
A
- Bones of the vault of the skull
- Structure consists of two shells of compact bone, separated by a layer of cancellous/trabecular bone
12
Q
What are short bones?
A
- Typically constructed of a thin outer shell of compact bone with an interior completely occupied by cancellous bone
13
Q
What are long bones?
A
- Have elongated tubular shafts, a central medullary cavity & expanded ends for articulation
14
Q
What are some long bones?
A
- Femur
- Tibia
- Humerus
15
Q
What are some short bones?
A
- Carpus
- Tarpus
