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Anatomy MSK > MSK Workbook 2 Lower Limb > Flashcards

MSK Workbook 2 Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Which sciatic foramen is the route for structures entering or leaving the pelvis

A

Greater sciatic foramen

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2
Q

Which sciatic foramen is a route for structures entering or leaving the perineum

A

Lesser sciatic foramen

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3
Q

Name the 4 muscles of the gluteal region

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata

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4
Q

What is the innervation of the Gluteus Maximus

A

L5, S1, S2

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5
Q

What is the innervation of the Gluteus Medius

A

L4,L5,S1

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6
Q

What is the innervation of the Gluteus Minimus

A

L4,L5,S1

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7
Q

What is the innervation of the Tensor fascia lata

A

L4,L5

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8
Q

What are the actions of gluteus Maximus muscles

A

Extends and laterally rotates

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9
Q

What is the action of the gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fascia latae

A

Abducts and medial rotates hip

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10
Q

What 2 muscles attach to the iliotibial band (tract)

A

Gluteus Maximus

Tensor fascia lata

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11
Q

The sacral plexus lies on which muscle

A

Piriforms Muscle

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12
Q

The sacral plexus is formed by the union of the ventral rami if the spinal nerves___

A

L4, L5 and S1-S4

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13
Q

What are the 2 main branches of the sacral plexus

A

Sciatic nerve- lower limb

Pudendal nerve- perineum

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14
Q

What are the root values of the superior gluteal nerve

A

L4-S1

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15
Q

What are the root values of the inferior gluteal nerve

A

L5-S2

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16
Q

Name the muscles supplied by the superior gluteal nerve

A

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata

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17
Q

Name the muscle supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve

A

Gluteus maximus

18
Q

What are the root values of the sciatic nerve

A

L4 to S3

19
Q

The sciatic nerve passes distally and divides at the popliteal fossa into the ___ and ___

A

Tibial nerve and common perineal nerve

20
Q

What is the most lateral muscle of the hamstrings

A

Biceps femoris

21
Q

Name the muscles of the hamstring

A

Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris

22
Q

What is the action of the hamstring muscles on the hip and knee joint

A

Hip- extend

Knee- Flex

23
Q

Which nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

Sciatic nerve

24
Q

Which branch of the femoral artery contributes to the Posterior muscle compartment blood supply

A

Profunda femoris artery

25
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint

A

Synovial hinge joint

26
Q

Which is the most important muscle which helps to stabilise the knee joint?

A

Hamstring

27
Q

Name the 4 ligaments of the knee

A

Medial Collateral Ligament
Lateral Collateral Ligament
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior Cruciate Ligament

28
Q

Why is the attachment of the MCL to the medial meniscus clinically important

A

The medial meniscus is more commonly injured because it is firmly attached to the MCL

29
Q

What does the anterior cruciate ligament prevent

A

Prevents femur sliding anterior on the tibia

30
Q

What does the posterior cruciate ligament prevent

A

Prevents femur sliding posterior on the tibia

31
Q

What is the function of the popliteal muscle

A

Rotates femur laterally on the tibia

32
Q

What are the main functions of the menisci

A

Spread the load of the body’s weight

33
Q

Which meniscus firmly adheres to the deep surface of the tibial or medial collateral ligament

A

The deep medial meniscus

34
Q

What type of bone is the patellar

A

Sesamoid bone

35
Q

Which movement of the knee causes the patella to move

A

Extension

36
Q

Name the 4 bursae around the knee

A

Suprapatellar
Infrapatella
Subcutaneous infra patella
Subcutaneous prepatellar

37
Q

Which bursa communicates t=with the articular cavity of the knee joint

A

Suprapatellar

38
Q

What is the clinical significance of the suprapatellar bursa communicating with the articular cavity

A

Prevents impingement of the synovial membrane between the patella and femur

39
Q

What is housemaid’s knee

A

Inflammation of the bursa in the front of the kneecap

40
Q

What muscles are involved in knee flexion

A 
Hamstring:
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris
Sartorius
Gracillis
41
Q

What muscles are responsible for knee extension

A 
Quadriceps:
Vastus Intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Rectus Femoris

Anatomy MSK (8 decks)

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