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Anatomy MSK > MSK Workbook 1 > Flashcards

MSK Workbook 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The anterior wall of the axilla is formed by the ____ and the ____

A

Pectoralis Major Muscle

Pectoralis Minor Muscle

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2
Q

The posterior wall of the axilla is formed by 3 muscles:

A

Scapularis
Teres Major
Latissimus Dorsi

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3
Q

The medial wall of the axilla is formed by the___

A

Thoracic wall

Serratus Anterior Muscle

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4
Q

The lateral wall of the axilla is formed by the ____

A

Intertubercular Sulcus of the Humerus

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5
Q

Name the 4 main contents of the axilla

A

Axillary Artery
Axilla Vein
Brachial Plexus
Axillary Lymph Nodes

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6
Q

The axillary artery is a continuation of which artery

A

Subclavian artery

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7
Q

At what anatomical point does the axillary artery begin

A

Outer border of the first rib

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8
Q

the axillary artery continues beyond the axilla as which vessel

A

Brachial Artery

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9
Q

At what anatomical point does the axillary artery become the brachial artery

A

Lower border of Teres major

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10
Q

The brachial plexus is formed by the ventral rami of ___ to ___

A

C5 to T1

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11
Q

Which nerve roots of the brachial plexus form the upper trunk

A

C5 and C6

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12
Q

Which roots of the brachial plexus contribute to the lower (inferior) trunk

A

C8 and T1

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13
Q

Which root of the brachial plexus forms the middle trunk

A

C7

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14
Q

Which artery and vein are the trunks of the brachial plexus closely related to

A

Axillary artery and vein

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15
Q

Describe the division of the brachial plexua

A 
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Terminal Branches
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16
Q

Injury to upper trunk causes what?

A

Erb’s Palsy

Medial rotation of the arm with wrist flexion

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17
Q

What group of muscles are affected in Erb’s Palsy

A 
Deltoid
Biceps
Brachialis
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Serratus anterior
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18
Q

Injury to the lower trunk causes___?

A

Klumpke’s Palsy

Intrinsic muscles of the hand

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19
Q

Klumpke’s and Erbs Palsy are commonly caused by___

A

Shoulder dystocia at birth or following traumatic injury

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20
Q

Where does the Thoracodorsal nerve branch from

A

Posterior cord

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21
Q

Where does the upper and lower sub scapular nerve branch from

A

Posterior cord

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22
Q

Where does the lateral pectoral nerve branch from

A

Lateral cord

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23
Q

Where does the medial cutaneous nerve branch from

A

Medial cord

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24
Q

Where does the medial pectoral nerve branch from

A

Lateral and Medial cord

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25
Q

Name the major arterial branches of the upper limb

A 
Subclavian Artery
Axillary Artery
Brachial Artery
Ulnar Artery
Radial Artery
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26
Q

Name the major veins of the upper limb

A

Anterior:
Radial
Basilic
Median Cubital

Posterior:
Cephalic
Basilic
Dorsal venous network

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27
Q

What is the most common place for venepuncture

A

Superficial veins of the upper arm

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28
Q

The cephalic vein arises at the _____ end of the dorsal venous arch

A

Lateral

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29
Q

The basilic vein arises at the ___end of the dorsal venous arch

A

Medial

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30
Q

What is the function of the medial cubital vein

A

Shunts blood from cephalic to basilic

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31
Q

Following an injury to a spinal root a sensory loss (parasthesia) will be mapped on the skin corresponding to that specific _____

A

Dermatome

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32
Q

All lymphatic vessels from the upper limb drain into the _____

A

Axillary nodes

33
Q

Name the 5 lymph node groups

A 
Anterior/Pectoral Group
Posterior/Subscapular group
Apical group
Central group
Lateral/Brachial group
34
Q

Which group of lymph nodes will be involved if the lymphatic spread of infection begins in the little finger

A

Axillary

35
Q

Which group of lymph nodes will be involved if the lymphatic spread begins in a boil in the scapular region

A

Axillary

36
Q

Which group of lymph nodes will be involved if the lymphatic spread begins in the medial part of the breast (close to sternum)

A

Internal Thoracic (Internal mammary)

37
Q

Which group of lymph nodes will be involved if the lymphatic spread begins as an infection around the umbilicus

A

Can spread to axillary and superficial inguinal groups

38
Q

Name the 2 bones that make the pectoral girdle

A

Scapula

Clavicle

39
Q

Name the 2 joints that are in the pectoral girdle

A

Sternoclavicular joint

Acromioclavicular joint

40
Q

What part of the clavicle is the weakest and commonly breaks

A

Lateral and middle thirds as flatter and thinner

41
Q

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint

A

Synovial plane

42
Q

What type of joint is sternoclavicular joint

A

Synovial saddle

43
Q

Name the 2 muscles involved in the elevation of the scapular

A

Rhomboid

Levator scapulae

44
Q

Name the 2 muscles involved in scapular depression

A

Pectoralis minor

Serratus anterior

45
Q

Name the muscle involved in scapular protraction (forward movement)

A

Serratus anterior

46
Q

Name the 2 muscles involved in scapular retraction (backward movement)

A

Trapezius and Rhomboids

47
Q

Name the muscle involved in lateral rotation (shrugging shoulders)

A

Serratus anterior

48
Q

Name the 4 muscles involved in downward rotation (Depression)

A

Gravity
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid
Pectoralis minor

49
Q

What type of the joint is the shoulder joint

A

Ball and socket

50
Q

What is the name of the cartilage that surrounds the glenoid cavity

A

Glenoid Labrum

51
Q

What is the function of the Glenoid labrum

A

To make the socket of the shoulder joint wider and deeper

52
Q

What is the name of the ligament that connects the acromion and coronoid process

A

Coraco-acromial ligament

53
Q

What is the function of the coraco-acromial ligament?

A

Prevents superior displacement of the humeral head

54
Q

Which part of the shoulder joint capsule is weakest

A

Glenohumeral joint

55
Q

What are the 2 main bursae in the shoulder?

A

Subacromial and Subscapular

56
Q

What is the role of the subacromial bursa

A

Serves as a gliding mechanism between rotator cuff and coracoacromial arch

57
Q

How does the subscapularis move the shoulder joint

A

Adductor and medial rotator of the humerus

58
Q

How does the Supraspinatus move the shoulder joint

A

Abduction

59
Q

How does the Infraspinatus move the shoulder joint

A

Lateral rotator of the humerus

60
Q

How does the trees minor move the shoulder muscle

A

Adductor and lateral rotator of the humerus

61
Q

What is the primary function of the rotator cuff muscles

A

Support and stabilise shoulder joint movement

62
Q

Anterior fibres of deltoid _____ and ______ at the shoulder joint

A

Flexes and Medially Rotate

63
Q

Middle fibres____the arm at the shoulder joint

A

Abduct

64
Q

What is the nerve supply to the deltoid

A

Axillary Nerve

65
Q

In what common injury is this nerve often trapped and therefore damaged

A

Direct blow to the deltoid muscle

66
Q

Where would you test for loss of sensation to determine if a nerve injury had occurred after a deltoid direct blow

A

Anterior shoulder and arm

67
Q

What is the action of the pectorals major on the shoulder joint

A

Adductor

Internally Rotate the humerus at the glenohumeral joint

68
Q

What muscles are responsible for the abduction of the scapula

A

Deltoid

Teres major

69
Q

Superior fibres of trapezius ____scapula

A

Elevate

70
Q

Middle fibres of trapezius____the scapula

A

Brace

71
Q

Inferior fibres of trapezius_____ medial aspect of scapula

A

Depress

72
Q

Which cranial innervates the trapezius

A

CNXI- Accessory

73
Q

Which foramen of the skull does CNXI travel through

A

Foramen magnum

74
Q

Name the muscles responsible for flexion of shoulder

A

Anterior deltoid

Pectoralis Major

75
Q

Name the muscles responsible for the extension of the shoulder

A

Posterior deltoid

Latissimus dorsi

76
Q

Name the muscles responsible for the adduction of the shoulder joint

A

Latissimus dorsi

Pectoralis major

77
Q

Name the muscles responsible for the abduction of the shoulder joint 0 to 90 degrees

A

Deltoid

Supraspinatous

78
Q

Name the muscles responsible for the medial and internal rotation of the shoulder (4)

A
  1. Subscapularis
  2. Latissimus dorsi
  3. Pectoralis major
  4. Teres major
79
Q

Name the muscles responsible for the lateral or external rotation of the shoulder

A

Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Deltoid
Trapezius

Anatomy MSK (8 decks)

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