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MSK Upper body Flashcards

0
Q

Full ROM in TMJ is demonstrated when the patient is able to open mouth wide and insert ______ fingers vertically between the front teeth

A

Three

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1
Q

Most used joint in the body

A

TMJ

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2
Q

If only two fingers are inserted vertically between front teeth indicates _____ ROM

A

Adequate

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3
Q

When asking the patient to jut the lower jaw forward, _____ ROM is demonstrated when the bottom teeth are easily and smoothly placed in front of the top teeth

A

Full

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4
Q

Limitations of TMJ (3)

A

Brushing of teeth
Chewing
Dental procedures

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5
Q

Beginning at the base of the skull, the first ____ bones of the spine are identified as the ____

A

Seven

Cervical spine

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6
Q 
Numbers of vertebrea:
Total:
Cervical:
Thoracic:
Lumbar:
Sacral:
Coccygeal:
A 
33
7
12
5
5
4
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7
Q

ROM in cervical rotation

A

60-80 degree

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8
Q

ROM in Lateral cervical flexion

A

45

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9
Q

To flex the hand and wrist you will:

A

Make a fist

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10
Q

To extend the hand and wrist:

A

Straighten and stretch the fingers

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11
Q

Ability to grasp objects between thumb and index finger or the index finger and other finger

A

Fine precision pinch

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12
Q

Skills using the hands

A

Dexterity

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13
Q

The diseases found in the following joints:

  1. DIP
  2. PIP
  3. MCP
  4. Wrist joint
  5. 1st CMC
A
  1. OA, REACTIVE, PSORIATIC
  2. OA, SLE, RA, PSORIATIC
  3. RA, PSEUDOGOUT, HEMOCHROMATOSIS
  4. RA, PSEUDOGOUT, GONOCOCCA ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE ARTHRITIS, CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
  5. OA
    5.
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14
Q

Prevention of normal mobility of a joint due to abnormal formation of fibrous tissue

A

Contracture

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15
Q

Partial or incomplete displacement of bones of the joint

A

Subluxation

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16
Q

Complete joint displacement with no contact

A

Dislocation

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17
Q

Slowly over an extended period of time (chronic synovitis)

A

Dislocation

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18
Q

Supernumerary fingers

A

Polydactyly

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19
Q

Associated with syndromes and congenital problems

A

Polydactyly

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20
Q

Flexion deformity in the tightness of the skin

A

Sclerodactyly

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21
Q

Associated with Raynaud’s phenomenon nearly always present with skin calcinosis

A

Sclerodactyly

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22
Q

Tight skin may be due to Scleroderma

A

Sclerodactyly

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23
Q

Webbed fingers

A

Syndactyly

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24
Q

This is the test in which you ask the patient to grasp 2-3 fingers of each of the examiner hands

A

Grip strength

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25
Q

PIP bone enlargement

A

Bouchard’s node

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26
Q

Bouchard’s node usually associated with _____

A

Osteoarthritis

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27
Q

DIP joints bony enlargement

A

Heberden’s node

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28
Q

Hard nodules 2-3mm dm. One on either side of the dorsal midline

A

Heberden’s node

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29
Q

Usually painless, motion slightly limited, progressive deformity, but function is preserved

A

Heberden’s node

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30
Q

Heberden’s node is more pronounced on the ___

A

Dominant hand

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31
Q

If only a single heberden’s node this is just usually due to ____

A

Trauma

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32
Q

Despite active flexion, index finger DIP still rests in flexion

A

Mallet’s finger

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33
Q

Lateral aspect of the wrist and the thumb

A

De quervain’s tenosynovitis

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34
Q

Inflammation of the tendon sheath of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus

A

De quervain’s tenosynovitis

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35
Q

The test for De quervain’s tenosynovitis

A

Finkelstein test

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36
Q

Extension deformity of the PIP joint

A

Swan neck deformity

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37
Q

Chronic swelling at the PIP which cause the displacement and pulling of extensor tendon

A

Swan neck

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38
Q

PIP is hyperextended and DIP develops flexion contracture

A

Swan neck

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39
Q

Disease associated with swan neck

A

RA and SLE

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40
Q

Flexion deformity of the PIP

A

Boutonniere

41
Q

Chronic swelling weakens the supporting structures

A

Boutonniere

42
Q

Extensor tendon slides to the palmar aspect of the finger, PIP develops a flexion contracture

A

Boutonniere

43
Q

DIP is hyperextended

A

Boutonniere

44
Q

Patient unable to extend the fingers actively but can passively

A

Extensor tendon rupture

45
Q

This is the result of bony changes and inflammation at the wrist

A

Extensor tendon rupture

46
Q

Tendon sheath which pass the wrist, become swollen and tender

A

Extensor tendon rupture

47
Q

In extensor tendon rupture, chronic inflammation of arthritis causes ______ to become jagged

A

Ulnar styloid

48
Q

Thumb is flexed into the palm and wrist and MCP flexed

A

Carpal spasm

49
Q

IP is hyperextended

A

Carpal spasm

50
Q

Carpal spasm is associated with ____

51
Q

Hyperextension of the MCP with flexion of the PIP and DIP

52
Q

Claw hand is associated with:

A

Ulnar nerve and Brachial plexus injuries

53
Q

Chronic fibrotic process of palmar fascia in one or both hands with resulting contracture of the ring finger and the little finger

A

Dupuytren’s contracture

54
Q

Is Dupuytren hereditary? Yes / No

55
Q

Painless nodule devlops on a flexor tendon in the palm of the hand near the head of metacarpal

A

Trigger finger

56
Q

Patient tries to extend the fingers from a flexed position, nodule is too big to enter easily into the tendon sheath

A

Trigger finger

57
Q

With extra effort or assistance, the finger extends with a audible snap

A

Trigger finger

58
Q

Trigger finger this usually affects the _____, _____ finger

A

Middle and ring

59
Q

Cause of trigger finger:

A

Inflammation

Repetitive trauma

60
Q

Long axis of the fingers deviate or drift in an ulnar direction from the MCP joints

A

Ulnar deviation

61
Q

In ulnar deviation, due to _______ this leads to the atrophy of the supportive muscles, tendons and ligaments

A

Chronic synovitis

62
Q

Pronated wrist drop is due to the weakness of the ______

63
Q

Wrist drop is usually seen in _____

A

Radial nerve palsy

64
Q

In hypothenar atrophy this includes the following muscles:

A

Bellies of palmaris brevis
Abductor digiti quinti
Flexor digiti quinti
Opponens digiti quinti

65
Q

Hypothenar atrophy is caused by:

A

Ulnar nerve lesion

66
Q

If both thenar and hypothenar it is considered:

A

Cervical myelopathy

67
Q

Thenar atrophy this includes the wasting of:

A

Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

68
Q

Flattening or wrinkling of the muscle mass

A

Thenar atrophy

69
Q

Thenar atrophy is due to:

A

Median nerve damage

70
Q

Thenar atrophy os associated with:

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome
Severe OA
Aging

71
Q

Palpable bulge of muscle on palm of the hand at the base of the thumb

A

Thenar eminence

72
Q

When examiner presses on ulnar styloid it lowers and bounces back

A

Piano key sign

73
Q

Piano key sign suggest ligaments and tendons weakened by:

A

Synovitis

Arthritis

74
Q

Tingling or numbness along distributiin of median nerve when examiner taps over the median nerve

A

Tinel’s sign

75
Q

Tinel’s sign is diagnositic of:

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

76
Q

The range of motion of the elbow

A

Flexion
Extension
Pronation
Supination

77
Q

The normal carrying angle of the elbow is at:

A

170 degrees

78
Q

Less than 170 degrees, forearm is angled away from the body

A

Cubitus valgus

79
Q

More than 170 degrees, forearm deviated towards the midline fo the body

80
Q

Accumulation fo fluid in the Olecranon bursa

A

Olecranon bursitis

81
Q

Injury of ulnar nerve which cause pain on the little finger and ulnar half of ring finger and palm

A

Ulnar tunnel syndrome

82
Q

Tenderness over the common extensor origin at the lateral epicondyle , resisted active wrist extension

A

Tennis elbow

83
Q

Tenderness over the medial epicondyle at the common origin of wirst flexors, resisted active wrist flexion with the hand supinated

A

Golfer’s elbow

84
Q

Multi axial spheriodal joint with spherical head and and shallow glenoid cavity

85
Q 
Insert the degree of the shoulder per ROM:
Flexion
Adduction
Abduction
Internal rotation
External rotation
Forward flexion
Extension
A 
90
45
180
90
90
180
50
86
Q

Pain located on anterior and lateral aspect of the shoulder and may radiate into the lateral deltoid

A

Rotator cuff tendinitis

87
Q

Impingement catch as arm is brought to overhead position

A

Roattor cuff tendinitis

88
Q

Painful arc between 70-110 degree abduction

A

Rotatir cuff tendinitis

89
Q

May be initiated by ischemia or degeneration of the tendon

A

Calcific tendinitis

90
Q

Common on the right side with 6% bilaterality in DM cases

A

Calcific tendinitis

91
Q

Pain is out of proportion to the physical findings, often with associated difficulty of sleeping on the shoulder or falling asleep

A

Calcific tendinitis

92
Q

Palpated between acromion process and head of the humerus at the tipof the shoulder

A

Subdeltois bursa

93
Q

Generally, only visible when inflamed and swollen

A

Subdeltoid bursa

94
Q

Pain, swelling and or tenderness over the shoulder tip suggest

95
Q

Shoulder pain that radiates down the biceps into to the forearm

A

Bicipital tendon

96
Q

Just below the bicipital head in the bicipital groove

A

Bicipital tendon

97
Q

The test: anterior shoulder pain may be due to bicipital tendonitis.

Abduction and external rotation of the arm is painful and limited

A

Yergasen’s test

98
Q

Pain is generalized and referred to the upper arm, back and neck

A

Adhesive capsulitis

99
Q

Three disease associated with adhesive tendonitis:

A

Diabetics
Thyroid disease
Parkinson

100
Q

Diffuse inflammatory synovitis with subsequenrt adherence of the capsule and loss of joint volume

A

Adhesive capsulitis

101
Q

Deposition of calcium salts primarily hydroxyapatite within a tendon

A

Calcific tendinitis

Physical Diagnosis (3 decks)

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